Introduction: According to the “China Cardiovascular Disease Health and Disease Report 2021” released by the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases in September, it is pointed out that the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in my country It has been in a continuous rising stage, and the proportion of patients with heart disease is very large.
Coronary heart disease patients account for about 11.39 million people, and pulmonary heart disease patients account for about 5 million people , Heart failure patients can reach about 8.9 million, congenital heart disease patients can reach about 2 million, and atrial fibrillation patients can reach about 4.87 million.
Clinical often When I met some people, when they came to the cardiology department, they said that they felt uncomfortable in the heart recently, such as palpitation, chest tightness, chest pain and other problems.
Then I desperately want to know if there is any problem with my heart, so I want to pass a series of inspections Come see if there is health trouble in the heart.
So when the heart feels uncomfortable, which one should be checked? Today, I will take you to understand it once and for all.
01
The composition of the heart
- Water system: that is, the blood vessels in the heart;
- Electrical system: that is, the beating of the heart;
- Heart results: Heart valves, size, myocardium, etc.
02
If the heart is not good, how does the body behave?
Tired easily
For people whose heart function is damaged, the blood output from the heart is reduced, so there is no way to meet some needs of external body tissues.
At this time, it will easily lead to ischemia in external tissues, which will easily cause people to be easily tired and fatigued.
Chest pain
< span>When the heart function is damaged, it is easy to cause problems such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, palpitation, and shortness of breath.
Especially when sleeping at night, these symptoms will be more obvious, and often wake up due to chest tightness and palpitations.
Lower extremity edema
When the heart function is damaged, it will easily lead to excessive lower extremity pressure caused by insufficient blood flow to the kidneys.
In this way, the water excreted from the body will be reduced, which will easily lead to edema of the lower limbs.
03
The heart is uncomfortable, which check should be done? The doctor said this time Understood, it is recommended to understand clearly
Color Doppler ultrasound and electrocardiogram are two of the most common cardiovascular inspection items, and these two This inspection item is also the most powerful “helper” for cardiovascular doctors. The two inspection items have different purposes and uses, so they cannot replace each other, and there is no distinction between good and bad.
Heart ultrasound is to check whether the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, aortic valve, pulmonary valve and other valves of the heart are in normal state through B-ultrasound and Doppler examination;
In addition, it will also check whether the size of the sexual intercourse is normal, whether the myocardium is normal, and whether the heart function is normal.
So in simple terms, the presence or absence of valvular heart disease, heart failure and myocardial disease can be judged through cardiac color Doppler ultrasound.
The blood vessels in the heart cannot be seen by color Doppler ultrasound, so it is impossible to diagnose coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia through color doppler ultrasound.
Electrocardiogram can see the number of heartbeats in one minute, which is our Everyone’s heart rate.
In addition, through the electrocardiogram, we can also know whether the heart beats regularly, that is, whether there is a sinus heart rate; ST-T Whether there is any change, whether the QT is prolonged; whether the R wave height, P wave size, and Q wave are normal; whether there is conduction block, etc.
So simply speaking, the electrocardiogram can judge whether there is tachycardia or bradycardia, as well as the initial diagnosis of coronary heart disease to help diagnose myocardial Infarction, and diagnosis of arrhythmia and other aspects of the disease.
04
Electrocardiogram and echocardiography are normal, so can heart disease be ruled out?
Of course not!
First of all, if the color Doppler ultrasound is normal, it can only rule out cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, heart failure and other heart diseases, because the color Doppler ultrasound can only see to this part of the structure.
If the ECG is normal, only myocardial infarction can be ruled out, and there was no typical arrhythmia at that time.
However, heart diseases such as angina pectoris, coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, and myocardial ischemia cannot be completely ruled out.
05
In addition, there are many heart checks
< strong>Coronary CT examination
Coronary CT examination can perform corresponding examinations on patients with myocardial ischemia and angina pectoris, and can Identify blood vessels.
If the vascular problem is serious, the patient will undergo coronary angiography again for further verification and treatment.
If there is no stenosis in the cardiovascular system, it can help eliminate coronary heart disease problems. If coronary heart disease is suspected, coronary CT can be used to make a corresponding diagnosis .
Heart MRI
Cardio MRI has a very prominent advantage, that is, it has a very good soft tissue resolution and a very high contrast ratio.
This advantage is useful for evaluating the size and location of the heart, ventricle Cavity size, ventricular wall thickness, atrium and aortic root diameter, the relationship between the adjacent organs of the heart and the structure of the pericardium have very important clinical diagnostic significance.
However, the requirements for doctors are relatively high, because accurate analysis can only be done well.
This examination is suitable for the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy, heart tumor, congenital heart disease, valvular disease, coronary heart disease and other diseases.
Heart nuclide examination
Cardiac radionuclide examination is also called cardiac radionuclide imaging. This examination is a way to examine the heart using radionuclide technology.
The inspection method is divided into two Large categories, one is perfusion imaging to show myocardial infarction and myocardium; the other is ventriculography, which evaluates ventricular function and ventricular wall motion.
The cardiac radionuclide examination is very simple, the amount of radiation received is not large, and it is a non-invasive examination. Most patients can accept.
So this test is widely used to evaluate coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, mainly for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease.
06
Why do you still feel flustered and chest tight even though all the inspections are normal?
In our daily life, we also encounter this kind of people. He has checked many heart tests, but I still have palpitations and chest tightness, what is going on?
In fact, palpitation and chest tightness are not necessarily heart problems, but may also be a series of problems caused by stress, improper diet, and lack of sleep symptom.
So when there is palpitation and chest tightness, if the various examinations of the heart are still normal, it is also necessary to check whether there is a problem with other organs. Or your own mental stress is not very good.
07
How to protect our heart?
Healthy eating
If you want to better protect your heart, you must eat less high-fat food and high-cholesterol food in your daily life.
Eat fresh fruits and vegetables, preferably more fish. Fish is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which can protect the heart well , can also help improve memory.
Appropriate exercise
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Appropriate exercise can not only maintain cardiopulmonary function, but also help promote heart function and help maintain a healthy heart.
Maintain adequate and regular sleep
Maintaining sufficient and regular sleep can help us breathe more smoothly, and can also maintain the heart in the absence of sleep. To a certain extent, it can protect the heart.
Conclusion: All in all, cardiac angiography is not the most accurate way to check the heart, and whether there is a problem with the heart depends on the individual situation to judge.