[Introduction]
December 1, 2022 is the 35th “World AIDS Day”. In order to further promote the high-quality development of AIDS prevention and control work in the new era, and comprehensively create a good atmosphere for the whole society to participate in AIDS prevention and control work, combined with the promotional theme “Equalize” of the 2022 World AIDS Day determined by UNAIDS, the Office of the State Council AIDS Prevention and Control Work Committee decided And announced that the theme of our country’s publicity activities this year is “To fight AIDS and share health”.
AIDS is a kind of AIDS virus (HIV) that destroys the immune function of the human body after it invades the human body, making A serious infectious disease in which a variety of incurable infections and tumors occur in the human body and eventually lead to the death of the infected person. The full name of AIDS is “Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome” (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, English abbreviation “AIDS”).
1. Are AIDS and HIV the same thing?
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
- Acquisition refers to acquired under certain conditions, not due to heredity.
- Immunodeficiency refers to a patient with a severely compromised immune system.
- Syndrome refers to the damage of multiple systems of the patient, and the body may have multiple pathogens and multiple organ injuries at the same time.
- AIDS virus is a very small microorganism, the medical name is “Human Immunodeficiency Virus”, and the English abbreviation is HIV.
Second, will daily contact with AIDS patients cause AIDS?
The main routes of AIDS transmission are certain body fluids, mainly blood, semen, rectal fluid, vaginal fluid and breast milk can transmit HIV virus, and these fluids must be in contact with mucous membranes It can only be spread by contact with damaged tissue, or by direct injection into the bloodstream (from a needle or syringe). Mucous membranes include rectal, vaginal, penile, and oral mucosa. The virus content in these body fluids is as follows:
So normal social behaviors such as shaking hands with patients, talking, hugging, and swimming in public swimming pools will not be contagious.
< strong>Third, AIDS control goals
90% of HIV-infected people know their infection status through testing.
90% of HIV-infected people who have been diagnosed Accept antiretroviral treatment.
90% of HIV-infected patients who receive antiretroviral treatment are virally suppressed.
4. AIDS diagnosis and treatment< /p>
5. How HIV-positive women can give birth to a child A healthy baby that is not HIV-infected
?
The answer is: mother-to-child blocking. The risk of mother-to-child transmission without intervention can reach 20%-40%. However, since the full implementation of AIDS mother-to-child blocking technology, the rate of mother-to-child transmission has dropped significantly. Under the scientific guidance of professional doctors, it is entirely possible for HIV-positive women to give birth to a healthy baby that is not infected by HIV.
Mother-to-infant blocking technology mainly includes the whole process of guiding infected persons to detect and antiviral treatment before, during and after pregnancy, selection of delivery methods, scientific feeding, newborn detection and preventive antiviral treatment.
Risk of mother-to-child transmission at different times
Time of transmission | Maximum risk of mother-to-child transmission without intervention |
Antenatal (intrauterine transmission) | 5-10% |
During labor | 10-15% |
Postpartum (breast milk feeding) | 5-10% |
Overall | 20-40% |
【Expert of this issue】< /p>
Xin Xiaoli, Chief Physician and Director of Liver Care Department, Shenyang Sixth People’s Hospital. He is good at the diagnosis and treatment of various infectious diseases, especially the treatment of various opportunistic infections and antiviral treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.