Recently, a cancer patient “Xiao Min is coming” has attracted national attention and was diagnosed as“thyroid malignant tumor with multiple lymph nodes in the liver, spleen and pancreas” and bone metastases”, and suspected poor care appearedpressure ulcer stage IV. Relevant experts said that Xiaomin is in the advanced stage of cancer, and his poor physical condition may be difficult to tolerate anti-tumor treatment.

Thyroid cancer has always been known as the kindest cancer, why is it so fierce?

1. Thyroid cancer is not good, it will get worse and worse

Thyroid cancer, as its name suggests, is a cancer that grows on the thyroid gland. It can be divided into four types: papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma. Among them, papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma belong to the differentiated type, accounting for more than 90% of the clinical, with good prognosis, and the 10-year survival rate of papillary carcinoma is 90%. Left and right.

while medullary carcinoma accounts for about 5% of clinical cases,10 The annual survival rate is around 55%. Undifferentiated carcinoma is a rarer type, accounting for only 1-2%, and the degree of malignancy is extremely high, which can easily lead to death.The average survival time of patients is only 3-6 months. The 1-year survival rate is 5-15%.

Most thyroid cancers have a good prognosis after treatment, but even the most benign cancer can be fatal, and clinically there are still 5% of locally advanced patients are faced with the dilemma of inoperability, large surgical scope, large trauma and high recurrence rate, and this part of the population is the “main force of thyroid cancer death” “.

The incidence of thyroid cancer is on the rise worldwide, what is The reason has led to the increasing incidence of thyroid cancer

Second, why are there more and more thyroid cancer patients?

Data released by the Journal of the National Cancer Center show that the incidence of thyroid cancer in my country increased 20 times between 2000 and 2016. The reason for such a high growth rate has a lot to do with the advancement of modern examination technology, which can detect tiny nodules of 2-3 mm in the thyroid gland in time.

Shan Guangliang, Methodology Expert Consultant of the National Brain Tumor Registry Platform pointed out that the high incidence of thyroid cancer, these incentives are also very important Key:

1. Genetics

Hereditary is one of the predisposing factors for thyroid cancer. About 5% of patients have the same family history of thyroid cancer. These populations have problems such as proto-oncogene mutation, mismatch repair gene mutation and tumor suppressor gene inactivation, all of which can induce thyroid carcinogenesis.

2. Improper intake of iodine

Excessive or low intake of iodine The incidence of thyroid cancer will increase, and the incidence of thyroid cancer in high iodine areas in my country is generally higher, and all patients are papillary cancer. Too low iodine intake can also promote thyroid cancer, but the mechanism is different from high iodine.

3. Radiation damage

Some medical radiation personnel, long-term exposure to nuclear power plants/nuclear weapons The resulting radioactive population, due to long-term exposure to ionizing radiation, has a higher risk of cancer than ordinary people.

4. Estrogen imbalance

Estrogen receptors are expressed in thyroid cancer tissues, so estrogen may also become a carcinogen. When estrogen secretion is abnormal in the body, it may enhance the adhesion, migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells and increase the risk of thyroid cancer metastasis.

When thyroid cancer comes, there will be a series of abnormal manifestations in the body, but many people do not understand these symptoms, and they are easy to ignore or ignore, so that the best treatment is delayed opportunity.

Three, many people are sick without knowing it, these symptoms should be paid attention to

The “Epidemiological Survey of Thyroid Diseases in Community Residents” shows that thyroid nodules The prevalence of thyroid cancer is 18.6%, of which about 5-15% are malignant, that is, thyroid cancer. However, the awareness rate of thyroid disease in my country is only 18%, and many people fail to alert in time when symptoms appear.

1. A lump in the neck

This is the thyroid The most common symptoms of cancer are lumps and nodules at the bottom of the neck, but not all lumps are caused by cancer, and they may be ordinary nodules.

2. Hoarseness

When hoarseness persists, you need to be vigilant. The tumor causes the vocal cords to be affected.

3. Difficulty swallowing solid food

Some thyroid tumors can compressThe esophagus, which in turn causes the patient to have symptoms of dysphagia, is generally more pronounced when swallowing solid food, and liquids are not affected.

4, cough

When the tumor grows to a certain extent, it may cause the patient’s esophagus to be compressed, which in turn can cause symptoms of shortness of breath and chronic cough.

When you find the above symptoms in your body, you must seek medical attention in time to avoid the continued development of the disease. Surgery is the main method of thyroid cancer treatment at present. Do some patients with thyroid cancer need to undergo total resection?

Fourth, if I have thyroid cancer, what are the side effects after total resection?

Professor Ge Minghua, Vice President of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital pointed out that there is a lot of controversy over whether to perform total resection in clinical practice. . It is generally recommended that for single or unilateral thyroid cancer, unilateral gland resection can be considered, while for some patients with unilateral multiple, bilateral multiple, family history or a history of radiation exposure, total resection is generally recommended.

After total resection, patients may face these difficulties

1. Functional impairment

Total thyroidectomy means loss of thyroid function in patients, and may also cause recurrent laryngeal nerve damage.

2. Lifetime medication is required

to undergo total resection, and the patient needs lifelong medication , using thyroxine replacement therapy.

3. Psychological fear, fatigue

Clinically, about 48% of patients have After surgery, there will be fear of cancer recurrence, which will greatly affect the quality of life. And after thyroidectomy, the thyroid level in the patient’s body will be affected, and the patient will often feel fatigued every day.

Xiao Ai reiterated that no matter how kind-hearted cancer is, it can also be fatal. Although thyroid cancer is relatively “Goodness”, but we can’t completely ignore it. After discovering any abnormality in the body, we still need to actively seek medical examination and treatment to avoid the continued progress of the disease. #HealthTrue Knowledge Project#

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