Dietary fiber refers to the general term for carbohydrate polymers with three or more degrees of polymerization. It is generally classified according to different dietary sources and can be divided into three categories.
The main source of dietary fiber is natural plant foods, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, potatoes and beans, etc. Animal foods do not contain dietary fiber. Before 1987, it was controversial whether dietary fiber belonged to the category of nutrients. In the 1960s, water and dietary fiber were not considered nutrients, and in the 1970s, dietary fiber was not considered nutrients. Before that (in 1900), it was repeatedly repeated whether dietary fiber was considered a nutrient. In the late 1980s, the International Health Organization (WTO) announced the world’s first dietary fiber health food with the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, announcing that dietary fiber belongs to the seventh macronutrients.
Our country stipulates that dietary fiber refers to carbohydrate polymers containing 3 or more degrees of polymerization. Although dietary fiber cannot be decomposed by the human body’s small intestine, it is beneficial to human health. At present, there are about a thousand kinds of dietary fibers in nature, which can be divided into different types according to different basis.
But usually our country is divided according to dietary sources, which can be divided into three categories: the first category is the part that exists naturally in plants, which is a complete carbohydrate polymer; The second category refers to carbohydrate polymers extracted from plants by physical, chemical or enzymatic methods; the third category refers to carbohydrate polymers synthesized by artificial means.
As an important part of food, dietary fiber plays an important physiological role. Dietary fiber can promote chewing, increase the secretion of saliva, combine with a large amount of water to swell the stomach, increase the viscosity after hydration, delay the absorption of nutrients and the emptying of the stomach, and have an ileal braking effect, thereby slowing down the peristalsis of the intestines . Through these effects, dietary fiber can promote the body to feel full. On the other hand, dietary fiber can regulate the secretion of hormones related to satiety in the gastrointestinal tract, such as insulin, ghrelin, glucagon-like , Cholecystokinin, etc. [1].
In general, natural dietary fiber mainly comes from cereals, vegetables and fruits, beans, potatoes, etc. In cereals, beans, vegetables and fruits, dietary fiber usually exists In the epidermis of food, dietary fiber is helpful for laxative and digestion, so the human body cannot lack dietary fiber intake.
The author of this issue: Liao Yuying, Zhao Lichao
Beauty Editor: Peng Mingqian
References:
[1]Shang Longchen[1,2,3] , Li Jing[1,2,3] , Li Bin[1,2,3] . Study on satiety of dietary fiber Progress[J]. Journal of Food Safety and Quality Inspection, 2018.
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