Recently, 2 cases of golden blood type were discovered in Jiangsu. They were a pair of sisters, and the younger sister suffered from severe anemia.
What is the golden blood type?
We determine the blood type by the antigens on the red blood cells. According to the antigens, human blood types are divided into two categories: ABO type and Rh type.
ABO is more popular. It is divided into A type, B type, AB type, and O type, which respectively refer to containing A antigen/anti-B antibody, containing B antigen/anti-A antibody, Contains both antigens/no antibody and neither antigen/has two antibodies.
Rh contains a total of 61 antigens, of which D antigen negative is a rare panda blood, and all 61 antigens are negative, which is golden blood.
Antigens are of interest because antigens and corresponding antibodies can cause hemolysis. Therefore blood transfusion requires blood type matching.
How does the golden blood type come about? What’s the impact?
Golden blood type was first discovered in 1961 in an Aboriginal Australian woman.
This blood type is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the Rh protein. The following three reasons are common:
Couples are related (marriage between cousins, siblings, or any close or distant relatives) autosomal genes (abnormal genes that are characteristic of the disease, passed down through the family) changes in certain genes or Complete absence, i.e. RHD and RHCE or RHAG
Because there is no Rh protein on the red blood cell membrane, it will affect the stability of the red blood cell itself, showing mild to moderate hemolytic anemia, and its red blood cells show morphological changes (polycythemia) and qualitative Membrane abnormalities.
These individuals often present with clinical symptoms, also known as Rhnull syndrome, mainly manifested as: chronic hemolysis of varying severity, including polycythemia, spherocytosis, infiltration Increased fragility, altered phospholipid asymmetry, altered cell volume, defective cation flux, and elevated Na+/K+ ATPase activity.
Due to the particularity of their blood types, they are not restricted from donating blood to others, but once they have a problem with themselves, they can only accept the blood of the same kind. At present, there are only 9 active golden blood donors in the world. indivual.
So this kind of person is very unfortunate. First, blood resources are scarce. She is okay, at least the two people in the family are the same. Second, they may be plagued by diseases.