During the inspection of the grassroots troops, the author found that some young officers and soldiers had increased blood pressure, and many of them were simply increased diastolic blood pressure. Simple increase in diastolic blood pressure refers to systolic blood pressure less than 140mmHg, diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90mmHg, slow onset, usually no obvious symptoms in the early stage, and it is difficult to detect. The survey shows that in the adult population, the prevalence of increased diastolic blood pressure alone is about 4.4%, accounting for 10-15% of all hypertensive populations, and it is more common in people aged 35-49. Some comrades in arms think that simply increased diastolic blood pressure is not very harmful and does not require treatment. This understanding is wrong. If the blood pressure is high for a long time, even if the diastolic blood pressure is simply increased, it will bring a lot of pressure to the body and damage the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular unknowingly.
If the patient suffers from isolated increase in diastolic blood pressure, it should be treated in time and the diastolic blood pressure should be reduced to below 90mmHg. Hypertension is closely related to an unhealthy lifestyle. After a simple increase in diastolic blood pressure occurs, it can be treated by improving diet and exercise and other lifestyles to prevent the further development of high blood pressure.
A reasonable meal. A low-salt, low-fat diet. Reduce cooking salt and condiments with high sodium content, and try to avoid or reduce processed foods with high sodium content. The daily salt intake per person should be less than 6g. Pay attention to the scientific ratio of various ingredients. Eat more high-quality protein-rich fish, milk, beans and other products; eat more coarse grains, such as oats, buckwheat, corn, millet, mung beans, etc.; eat more vegetables and fruits, such as celery, carrots, tomatoes, cucumbers, bitter gourd , fungus, kelp, banana, apple, etc. Control calorie intake and limit sugary drinks. It is recommended to eat eight full meals, and dinner can be appropriately light. Maintain a body mass index of 18.5 to 23.9, with a waist circumference of less than 90 cm for men and less than 85 cm for women.
Quit smoking and limit alcohol. Tobacco contains nicotine, which stimulates the heart, increasing the heart rate, constricting blood vessels, and increasing blood pressure. Heavy drinking, especially hard alcohol, can also raise blood pressure. Some hypertensive patients have low blood pressure at the time after drinking alcohol, but their blood pressure will still rise a few days later.
Moderate exercise. Regular long-term aerobic exercise is beneficial to improve and maintain heart function, control weight and blood pressure. It is recommended that everyone insist on doing some simple exercises every day, such as jogging, swimming, brisk walking, playing ball, Baduanjin, etc. Each exercise time is more than 10 minutes, and exercise more than 30 minutes a day.
A regular schedule. Both work fatigue and mental stress may induce high blood pressure. It is recommended that comrades in arms maintain a regular schedule and soak their feet for 20 to 30 minutes before going to bed to improve sleep quality. Pay attention to the combination of work and rest, avoid emotional excitement and anxiety, and maintain psychological balance.
Keep warm. Lower temperature causes blood vessels to constrict, and blood pressure rises slightly in order to increase cardiac output against the resistance of surrounding blood vessels. Therefore, keep warm in winter to avoid blood pressure fluctuations caused by excessive indoor and outdoor temperature differences.
Check your blood pressure regularly. If high blood pressure occurs, it is recommended to measure blood pressure once a day in the morning and evening, and record the measured blood pressure value. In addition, the situation of drinking or work stress should be recorded, so as to facilitate the comprehensive judgment and evaluation of the doctor.
If blood pressure is well controlled with 3 to 6 months of non-drug therapy, it can be maintained. If after the above non-drug treatment, the diastolic blood pressure is still not up to the standard, and there are symptoms such as headache, dizziness, palpitations, chest tightness, etc., drug treatment should be carried out under the guidance of a professional doctor. During the treatment process, it is recommended to check once every 2 to 4 weeks, increase or decrease the drug according to the test results, do not change or stop the drug by yourself. If you control your blood pressure below 120/80mmHg by changing your lifestyle and taking only one drug, and you have no other organ diseases, you can basically stop the drug under the guidance of a doctor. It should be noted that blood pressure may rise again with environmental changes and increasing age. At this time, on the basis of improving lifestyle, drug treatment should be carried out according to their own conditions, and at the same time, blood pressure changes should be observed.