Abstract: Aortic dissection is also called aortic dissection aneurysm.

Aortic dissection is more common in the elderly and people suffering from heart disease and frequent arrhythmia.

In addition aortic dissection , also means that the blood in the aortic lumen enters the aortic media from the aortic intima tear, separates the media, and expands along the long axis of the aorta to form a true and false two-chamber separation state of the aortic wall.

What are the causes of aortic dissection? Symptoms?

Aortic dissection, which can be due to various factors such as Increased aortic wall tension, aortic wall structural abnormalities, smoking and alcohol abuse< /strong>Etc., can induce the appearance of aortic dissection.

Then What are the other causes of aortic dissection?

1. Advanced age and high blood pressure

With age, aortic dissection The structure of the blood vessel wall will change with age, so old age has a certain impact on the formation of aortic dissection , In addition, hypertension factors can cause increased stress on the aortic vessel wall, so it is also the main factor for the occurrence of aortic dissection.

2 , arteriosclerosis and genetic factors

arteriosclerosis can cause< span>Aortic wall structural abnormalitiesLesions, when arteriosclerotic plaques cause vascular intima rupture, it can also cause aortic dissection. In addition, genetic factors such as inheritanceInherited connective tissue disease, Marfan syndrome, skin hyperelasticity syndrome, etc., can induce the occurrence of aortic dissection.

3. Aortic inflammatory disease and congenital cardiovascular disease

Inflammatory diseases of the aorta such as giant cell arteritis,Takayasu, idiopathic aortitis, syphilis, etc., can increase the risk of aortic dissection. In addition, congenital cardiovascular diseases such as Congenital coarctation of the aorta, bicuspid aortic valve, etc. can also cause aortic dissection.

4 , injury, and other

Severe trauma or injury to the chest that can cause local Aortic tear, and aortic replacement, interventional surgery, heart surgery, aortic surgery, etc.Iatrogenic Injury, can also lead to the occurrence of aortic dissection, in addition, some physiological states orOther diseases such as pregnancy, systemic lupus erythematosus, endocarditis etc., can also induce the formation of aortic dissection.

Aortic dissection, seen as sudden onset with sudden severe pain.

Then What are the specific symptoms of aortic dissection?

1. Severe pain

The main and first symptoms of aortic dissection, often persistent, tearing, needle-like, knife-like severe pain, and most patients can appear in the chest, extending To back and abdominal pain, some patients are also accompanied by symptoms such as collapse, syncope, transient blindness, and coma.

2 , high blood pressure, tachycardia symptoms

At the beginning of severe pain, most patients can Accompanied by high blood pressure, accelerated heart rate, etc., some patients may also be accompanied by pale complexion< /span>, sweating, chest tightness, nervousness, Dyspnea and other manifestations, some may have obvious blood pressure increase.

3 Cardiovascular disease manifestations

Aortic dissection may present cardiovascular disease manifestations, such as heart failure, cardiogenic shock, acute myocardial infarction , pericardial tamponade, pericardial effusion, aortic regurgitation and other disease manifestations, may show palpitations, cold sweat all over, pericardial friction rub, pleural effusion, Coughing pink foamy sputum, confusion and other symptoms.

4 , ischemic symptoms

Aortic dissection, which can cause the body Viscera and limbs, etc. have ischemic symptoms, if the ischemia is involved Central Nervous System, can lead to disturbance of consciousness, mental disorder, etc. in patients, involving kidney< /span>, can cause hematuria, renal failure, etc., involve gastrointestinal system, can cause nausea and vomiting , diarrhea and black stools, etc., involving limbs, can lead to lower limb ischemia, lower limb ischemic necrosis, paraplegia, etc.

Aortic dissection, how should it be treated? Need attention?

The treatment of aortic dissection is mainly to control the development of the disease , can effectively relieve pain, control heart rate and blood pressure, and activelyreduce the risk of aortic rupture.

Then What treatments are available for aortic dissection?

1. Initial treatment

Patients with initial or acute attack of aortic dissection should immediately Bed rest, avoid exertion, give sedation, analgesia, heart rate control, blood pressure control< /span> and other treatment, if necessary, give oxygen therapy or ventilation therapy, etc., if there is blood flow Patients with unstable dynamics should also actively supplement blood volume, etc.

2 , drug treatment

medication can use opioid analgesics such as< strong>morphine, pethidine and other drugs to help relieve pain, use antihypertensive drugs such as metoprolol, espresso Medications such as Loreto help control blood pressure, and in combination with heart rate control medications such as vasodilatorsnitroglycerin , isosorbide mononitrate, etc., cooperate to reduce vascular resistance, vascular wall tension and ventricular contractility, other drugs such as receptors Blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, diuretics, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists, etc., can also help relieve various symptoms of aortic dissection.

3 、Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment can be used for aortic dissection difficult to control with drug treatment. Appropriate surgical treatment, surgical methods may includeendovascular repair of the aorta, endovascular treatment of type A aortic dissection surgery, complex B type aortic dissection, descending aortic graft, etc.

Patients with aortic dissection should actively cooperate with treatment , follow the doctor’s advice to take the correct medication, regular review to control the condition, etc., and maintain a good emotional state .

Then What should be paid attention to in aortic dissection?

1. Daily protection

Patients with aortic dissection should actively pay attention to rest, Ensure a good sleep,Avoid overwork, Wait hard,keep a relaxed and happy mood,avoid cold stimulation, pay attention to cold and warm, increase or decrease clothing appropriately, avoid damage, etc.

2 , Reasonable diet

Eat positively and healthily,Avoid overeating< /strong>Pay attention to balanced nutrition in daily diet,quit smoking and drinking and develop good eating habits, such as regular diet, Chew slowly when eating, and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins and minerals.

3 、 Actively prevent

To prevent the occurrence of aortic dissection, one should activelyControl blood pressure level, keep blood pressure in a normal and balanced state, and actively monitor blood pressure, try to achieve a low-salt and low-fat diet in daily life, exercise properly, maintain a healthy weight, etc.

Written at the end:< /p>

To reduce the occurrence of aortic dissection, the blood pressure level should be actively controlled to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.