Under the high temperature, many people will feel chest tightness. Xiaolin, 33 years old in Changsha, recently experienced it. As long as you exercise a little, the degree of chest tightness and shortness of breath will be significantly aggravated, and rest will not relieve it.

In desperation, Kobayashi had to go to the hospital, after examinationblood pressure was as high as 240/100 mmHg< /strong>,serum creatinine was as high as 1402 units, was diagnosed with hypertension grade 3, and also accompanied by uremia, only Being able to perform hemodialysis treatment was unacceptable for the young Kobayashi.

The doctor asked about the medical history and learned that: It turns out that Xiaolin has a family history of hypertension, He was diagnosed with high blood pressure during a physical examination 5 years ago, but because there were no symptoms at the time, he declined the suggestion to take medication, and finally caused this consequence.

Hypertension is very common in our country,Adult prevalence is 27.9%, approximately 358 million people. Not only that, the mortality rate is also very frightening, accounting for more than 30% of all deaths from diseases, which shows that the situation is grim.

I hereby remind everyone that long-term high blood pressure will damage the heart, brain, kidneys and other important organs, cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and even endanger life even if the patient does not have any discomfort . Therefore, once high blood pressure is found, it must be taken seriously and must not be taken lightly.

1. How high blood pressure is high blood pressure?

Let’s first understand what high blood pressure is. Simply put, it is the pressure that blood exerts on the walls of blood vessels. When this systolic or diastolic blood pressure exceeds the normal value, it becomes high blood pressure.

According to the “Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension (2018 Revision)”, blood pressure higher than 140/90 is defined as hypertension, The range of systolic blood pressure of 120-139 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure of 80-89 mmHg was defined as high-normal blood pressure. But in fact, other guidelines define it as prehypertension or first-degree hypertension.

Guidelines for hypertension and related diseases at home and abroad show a more positive attitude towards blood pressure control For example, in the new guideline of Taiwan in my country, the family self-measured blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg is defined as hypertension.

The “Chinese Expert Advice on Strengthening Blood Pressure Control” published in the “Chinese Journal of Hypertension” this year provides suggestions for blood pressure control, on the premise that the patient can tolerate it. The blood pressure control target of most hypertensive patients (without cardiovascular complications, such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, etc.) should be <130/80 mmHg.

Step-by-step measures can be taken to achieve the target, first control to <140-150 mmHg, then adjust the intervention according to the results, and continue if it is well tolerated until <130/80 mmHg.

Second, high blood pressure, is the culprit salt?

As for the high incidence of high blood pressure, many people think that the culprit is salt. But in fact, “sodium” is the real culprit behind the scenes.

Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA) published an epidemiological statistic in Shandong Province, which analyzed the incidence of heart disease caused by hypertension in the province in 2011. Vascular disease mortality, found: a total of 81,012 people died of cardiovascular disease, of which elevated blood pressure accounted for 51.3% of the total deaths, 41,600 cases.

A reduction in sodium intake to 3500 mg/day, 4000 mg/day or 30%, respectively, reduces the number of avoidable cardiovascular deaths 8800, 6700 and 8500 cases.

In addition to salt containing sodium, many high-sodium foods are not necessarily salty< span>, so before you buy food, you can look at the sodium content in the ingredient list of the food.

In addition to excessive sodium intake, factors that cause high blood pressure include heredity, age, obesity, stress, alcoholism, and staying up late.

It can be seen that the occurrence of hypertension is closely related to our living habits. Once diagnosed with high blood pressure, you may have to take antihypertensive drugs for the rest of your life. Therefore, developing healthy living habits is the most cost-effective way of prevention.

Third, these 3 types of food should be eaten less by hypertensive patients

< span>There is a close relationship between diet and high blood pressure, especially these three foods can increase the incidence of high blood pressure and should be avoided as much as possible.

1, salt

This is one of the main factors leading to high blood pressure. Excessive intake of salt can increase osmotic pressure, cause water and sodium retention, and then increase blood pressure. Therefore, we must pay attention to controlling salt. The 2022 edition of the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents recommends that the intake of salt should not exceed 5g per day.

2, Sugar

Added sugar, especially in the manufacture of foods, including caster sugar , fructose syrup, brown sugar, etc. Excessive intake of these sugars can not only speed up the heartbeat, constrict blood vessels, but also reduce the excretion of water and sodium in the body, thereby increasing blood pressure.

So, to prevent high blood pressure, pay attention to controlling sugar intake. The guidelines suggest that the maximum daily intake of added sugars should not exceed 50 g, preferably 25 g.

3, tobacco and alcohol

The nicotine contained in cigarettes can make the central nervous system and The sympathetic nerves remain excited, speed up the heart rate, and prompt the adrenal glands to secrete a large amount of tea phenolamines, which cause the arterioles to constrict, thereby increasing blood pressure. Heavy drinking can lead to arteriosclerosis and aggravate high blood pressure. Therefore, preventing high blood pressure, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption are also critical.

Fourth, high blood pressure medication, have you made a common mistake?

Once diagnosed with hypertension, most patients need to take antihypertensive drugs, but some patients fall into the misunderstanding of medication, which affects pressure control, especially these four misunderstandings.

1, the faster the blood pressure drop, the better

The principle of blood pressure lowering is mainly to slow down ､Mainly stable. Under normal circumstances, most long-acting antihypertensive drugs take 1 to 2 weeks to achieve the maximum and stable antihypertensive effect.

Blood pressure drops too fast, but it is easy to cause insufficient perfusion of important organs such as the heart, brain, and kidney, and lead to ischemic events, which is very dangerous.

2, antihypertensive drugs can damage the kidneys

Actually, kidney damage is not It is not antihypertensive drugs, but high blood pressure. If blood pressure cannot be controlled for a long time, the harm to the body will be much greater than that of standard medication. Everyone should understand this correctly.

3, don’t take “good medicine” at first

Many people are afraid of using “good medicine” at the beginning, but later on, the disease will develop and there will be a shortage of medicines. In fact, the first-line antihypertensive drugs currently recommended by my country’s guidelines are basically localized, and they are basically reimbursed by medical insurance. Generally, low-dose medication can effectively control blood pressure. Even if the disease develops in the later stage, the pressure can be controlled by increasing the dose or combining with other drugs, and there is no need to worry about the situation that no drug is available in the later stage.

4, antihypertensive drugs cause cancer

There are indeed some studies that find: In contrast, the ARB group, one of the commonly used first-line treatment drugs for hypertension, had an increased risk of cancer. But most of these can only explain some phenomena, not cause and effect.

The US FDA has issued a document clearly stating that ARBs do not increase the risk of cancer. Therefore, you do not need to worry too much about the cancer caused by antihypertensive drugs.

Summary: Hypertension has a high incidence and great harm, so prevention is the main Lord, and developing good living and eating habits is one of the keys to prevention, we should try our best to do it well. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, standardized measures should be taken to control the pressure in a timely manner, and strive to minimize the harm. #HealthTrue Knowledge Project#

Reprinting is prohibited without the author’s permission