Xu Ning recalled the past in Yangzhou and wrote down works that have been passed down through the ages. One of the words has become Yangzhou’s business card.

When talking about a city, in addition to its ever-changing urban style, its profound cultural and historical heritage and unique geographical location are often topics that people talk about.

For example, the West Lake that “would like to compare the West Lake to Xizi, light and heavy makeup is always suitable”, has become It is a holy place for literati and poets to recite poetry and lyricism and tourists flock to , so it has also become a city name card of Hangzhou.

Guangzhou, because of its warm climate, abundant rain and flowers in all seasons In full bloom, coupled with thousands of years of flower planting history, it has become the “flower city” in people’s mouths; another example is because there are famous springs with different shapes and splendor like Baotu Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Wulongtan, Pearl Spring, etc. , thus getting the “Spring City” label of Jinan.

Among many cities, Yangzhou is a city with many business cards and labels. West Lake, Yangzhou Huaqionghua, Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics, Yangzhou Gardens, Yangzhou Opera, and Huaiyang Cuisine are all recognized elements of Yangzhou culture.

Yangzhou, also known as Guangling, is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2,500 years. In the Sui Dynasty, the opening of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal made Yangzhou an important water transportation hub from south to north. In the Tang Dynasty, Yangzhou’s business was more developed and it was a very prosperous city. In the Tang Dynasty, industry and commerce in Yangzhou prospered and became one of the first-tier cities.

Yangzhou is densely covered with lakes and rivers, with developed water systems and beautiful scenery. Zuo Mingdu, the best place in Bamboo West”. Yangzhou, on the banks of the Grand Canal, the Yangtze River, and the coast of the East China Sea, has a unique geographical location, profound cultural heritage, and prosperous industry and commerce. It has been praised by scholars and writers since ancient times.

Yangzhou is a city dyed and colored by poetry. Try to see Du Mu’s “Spring Breeze Ten Miles of Yangzhou Road, Rolling up the Bead Curtains Is Better”, Wang Jian’s “Night Markets Thousands of Lines Shine Blue Clouds, High-rise Buildings with Red Sleeves”, Li Shen’s “Night Bridge Lights Even Star Han, Water Guo Fan” There is a bullfight near the wall”, Zhang Hu “Life is only in Yangzhou and death, Chanzhishan is good for tombs”. These poems depicting Yangzhou have long been integrated into people’s memory together with the city.

I fell in love with a city because of a poem. When it comes to Yangzhou in poetry, people are more willing to associate it with moonlight. For thousands of years, Yangzhou has been known as the “two-point moon”, and “two-point moon” has always been a cultural label of Yangzhou. In people’s subconscious, the most representative of Yangzhou’s charm is the bright moon of Yangzhou.

What is the reason for this? It has to start with the famous seven-character quatrain “Remembering Yangzhou” by Xu Ning, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty:

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Xiao Niang’s face was thin and it was hard to hold back tears, and the peach-leaf eyebrows were long and easy to feel sad.

The world is divided into three parts of the moonlit night, and the other part of the rogue is Yangzhou.

Because of one person, I fell in love with a city. This is a poem recalling Yangzhou and its characters. When Xu Ning was visiting Yangzhou, she met a woman she liked. Later, when he left Yangzhou and recalled the good impression Yangzhou had left on himself, he wrote this song “Remembering Yangzhou” when he recalled the woman he met in Yangzhou.

The woman in the poem is the lover whom the poet met in Yangzhou. The poet’s sense of belonging in Yangzhou comes from the lover’s tenderness and tenderness. How deep is the love, how deep is the yearning, so that after the poet left Yangzhou for many years, he still remembered her and expressed his thoughts in the form of poetry, and even used “Xiao Niang” and “Xiao Niang” in the poem. Words like “peach leaf”.

“Xiao Niang” is synonymous with beautiful women, which often appears in Tang poetry, such as Yang Juyuan In the poems, “the romantic genius has a lot of spring thoughts, and Xiao Niang’s heart is broken with a paper book”, and in Yuan Zhen’s poems, “to praise Tao Lingyuan to ask for wine, and to entrust Xiao Niang only in poetry”, there are too many to enumerate.

“Peach Leaf” was originally the name of Wang Xianzhi’s concubine in Jin Dynasty. Wang Xianzhi once greeted her at the ferry of the Qinhuai River and wrote the famous poem “Peach Leaf Song”. Because of the emotion expressed in Wang Xianzhi’s poems, “peach leaf” was often used in later poems to refer to the woman he loved deeply.

This phenomenon is particularly evident in Tang poems. Xuning is better than the song of bamboo branches”, in Li He’s poem “Colored threads knotted with velvet back and overlapping, Bai Shiyulang sends peach leaves”, Li She’s poem “See you when you come to Yangzhou”Peach leaves, it is difficult to cross the river for the transmission of Feng Shui”.

The peach in these two sentences Ye and Xiao Niang belong to the rhetorical device of intertextuality, referring to the Yangzhou women whom the poet misses. “Face is thin” means that women wear Fendai thinly and cannot withstand the scouring of tears, so “tears are hard to overcome”; “brow length” is It is said that women with long and slender thrush eyebrows are most likely to show their eyebrows and frowns when they are sad, so they are “easy to feel sad”.

Obviously, these two sentences are the poet’s portrayal of his own mind. The unique beauty of the sentimental Yangzhou beauties that China loves.

It is not described from the two places of “invincible tears” and “easy to feel sorrow”. It is hard to see that this is the parting scene where the poet recalled that when he left Yangzhou, he was inseparable from his lover. Infinite melancholy.

Xu Ning writes from the cheeks, brows to the tears, Sad face. As you can imagine, he must be an amorous woman who showed the poet all his tenderness, charm and emotion.

It is precisely because the poet has seen her tenderness and charm, as well as her sentimentality and empathy, that every bit of her will be engraved in the poet’s heart and become a poet. A lingering fond memory.

When he recalled this amorous Yangzhou woman in the dead of night one night, this A drop of memory fragments will be spliced ​​into a complete picture, this picture is so vivid.

It is a On a night of sad parting, a night when the poet Xu Ning separated from his lover, the poet was also unable to restrain himself. He couldn’t bear to look directly at his lover’s eyes full of tears, so he raised his head and tried to defuse the sad atmosphere of speechless condensate, but at this moment, he saw the full moon in the night sky.

The moonlight is so bright and bright that the poet can’t bear to look directly at it. Together, it aggravated the poet’s sadness and parting, and made the already unbearable annoyance become unbearable.

When the poet looked up at the moon in the middle of the night, he originally intended to dissolve the sorrow and parting at that time, but he did not expect the moonlight to haunt people again, which made all the poet’s emotions like moonlight. The radiance flowed out in an instant, and it was out of control.

The moonlight reminds poets of the night they walked down the moonlit path, The romance of snuggling up on the steps where the moonlight sat. The gentle moonlight in Yangzhou is the testimony of their romantic journey, and every moonlit night is the testimony of their golden wind and jade dew.

However, Xu Ning spoke amazingly, using the “three-pointed moon” to describe the world that illuminates the world. The bright moonlight is used to describe the bright moonlit night in Yangzhou with “two-point rogue is Yangzhou”.

A round of bright moon was scored two-thirds by Yangzhou City. This statement is contrary to common sense. The moon shines brightly, and its brilliance spreads all over the world. Yangzhou is not only favored. The moon is equally divided under the whole world, and it will never favor one over the other.

However, Xu Ning’s poems can be accepted, appreciated and sung by the world, precisely because it is a beautiful misunderstanding. Because poetry has become too beautiful, people accept this misunderstanding emotionally.

Xu Ning’s “Mingyue Night” in Yangzhou refers to the windy night in Yangzhou. In the Tang Dynasty, the Qinglou Fengyue under the bright moon in the city of Yangzhou at night was unprecedented. It is recorded in the “History of Tang Que”: “Every heavy city is facing the evening, and above the building, there are often thousands of red yarn lamps, and the glory is shining in the sky.” < /p>

Above this tall building, there are Xiao Niang and Tao Ye. So even the Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu once came to this high-rise building to comfort his spiritual wounds caused by the bumpy career. The other awards made Du Mu even more happy.

It is precisely because of Yangzhou’s “Moonlight Night” that after the poet Xu Ning left Yangzhou to live in a foreign country, he compared the Qinglou Fengyue in other places. I think Yangzhou’s “Xiao Niang” and “Peach Leaf” are the most deceptive. The Qinglou Fengyue in Yangzhou is unparalleled, whether it is beauties with a variety of styles, or the grand spectacle of thousands of lights in ten-mile-high buildings.

Poet Xu Ning painted “Remembering Yangzhou” The full stop, however, the story of Yangzhou and Xu Ning has just begun. Yangzhou people can readily accept the poetic city image of “the world is three-part moonlit night, and two-part rogue is Yangzhou”, which emotionally acquiesced to the established fact of Yangzhou’s “two-part moonlight”,Therefore, Yangzhou also has the elegant name and reputation of “two-point bright moon”.

The gratitude of Yangzhou people to Xu Ning comes from the heart, Because of the beauty, romance and freehand brushwork of the “two-point bright moon”, Yangzhou people built the “Xu Ning Temple” for him to commemorate the commoner poet who left true feelings for Yangzhou city and shed his talent and true feelings.

After the Tang Dynasty, Yangzhou people named a gate in the southeast as Xu Ningmen in memory of Xu Xun, and later named a road at Xu Ningmen as Xu Ningmen. Xu Ning Road, this is Xu Ningmen Road in downtown Yangzhou today, and even a nearby bridge is named Xu Ning Bridge, and even Yangzhou’s specialty guzheng is named “two-point bright moon zheng”.

Standing in the city of Yangzhou where moonlight is like water and overflowing with splendor The bluestone trail, in the curling evening wind, the moonlight that bathed Xu Ning softly fell on the rotator sleeves of tourists, why would people not think of the touching melody and lyricism of Xu Ning’s “Memories of Yangzhou”. Word.

Among the countless pairs of backs illuminated by the city lights and the romantic moonlight, there are Du Mu, Xu Ning, With you and me. Because the eternal moonlight has long been integrated with Yangzhou, a city that perfectly integrates ancient and modern.