Spring is here, and a hundred flowers are blooming.
But the supposedly beautiful season is not friendly to people who are prone to allergies.
Allergic rhinitis, snot and tears flow.
Allergic skin disease, itchy!
Allergic asthma, even more strangled in the throat.
The allergy season in 2022 is coming. Diangoo invited doctors from 3 related departments of Peking University People’s Hospital to explain the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis, eczema and asthma in one breath. !
During the pollen dispersal period, the number of allergic rhinitis patients in the ENT outpatient department of Peking University People’s Hospital can account for about half.
1. Why am I the only one who catches my nose and tears when the spring flowers bloom?
It may be that your body is too “sensitive”.
In a sense, allergic rhinitis is triggered because the immune system is too strong and the immune balance is broken.
Allergic people have a potential tendency to develop the disease, which is what many people call “allergic constitution”.
Generally speaking, children are more likely to suffer from allergies if one parent is allergic [1].
2. How to prevent allergic rhinitis?
The most important thing is to avoid allergens.
Simply put, when allergy season comes, try to limit your outdoor activities and avoid going to gardens or the wild.
If you must be outdoors, change your clothes and wash them when you get home.
Families with conditions should use air filters and close windows and doors in bedrooms during the disease season.
3. How to treat allergic rhinitis?
“Old allergy people” generally know that when rhinitis is committed, take antihistamines quickly. This is a type of allergy medication.
(1) Medication[2-3]
The second-generation antihistamines, such as loratadine, cetirizine, etc., are used more frequently. Compared with the first-generation chlorpheniramine, they are basically less Side effects such as drowsiness and drowsiness.
Nasal steroids are also first-line drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, such as fluticasone propionate, budesonide, beclomethasone propionate, etc., and can be used for moderate to severe patients.
Leukotriene receptor antagonists, mainly montelukast sodium, can be used by patients with severe nasal congestion, cough, and asthma.
Sympathetic alpha agonists, most commonly 1% ephedrine or 0.5% nitrofurazone. When the nasal mucosa is swollen and blocked, these drugs can be instilled locally to constrict blood vessels. But these drugs must not be used for a long time, so as not to cause drug-induced rhinitis. It is generally recommended not to exceed 1 week.
Tips!
Some of the above drugs do not require a prescription and can be purchased directly from pharmacies, such as antihistamines, certain nasal sprays;
Some require a prescription and are prescribed by a doctor, such as leukotriene receptor antagonists, some decongestants.
(2) Immunotherapy
Also called “desensitization therapy”, allergen testing is performed first to identify the allergen before appropriate treatment, including sublingual administration or subcutaneous injection of desensitizing reagents.
Although immunotherapy can’t prevent people from getting sick for a lifetime, it is effective for a long time after treatment. It can be said that it is a relatively eradicating method.
How to do it and who can receive treatment should be judged by a doctor.
(3) Health education for oneself
This is a very important point that many people overlook.
For an “old rhinitis”, it is necessary to understand the basics of allergies in order to make yourself as comfortable as possible.
For example, try to find allergens that make you sick and stay away from them in the future.
For another example, know when and what season you may get sick, and prepare medicines and other preventive measures in advance.
In order to help you better understand allergic rhinitis, Dian has prepared a very comprehensive article for you, which is recommended to read.
After reading, don’t forget to come back and continue reading, there are more exciting content~
See more medical books:From treatment to prevention of allergic rhinitis, just read this one article
Atopic dermatitis, also known as “atopic eczema”, can range from 2-year-old babies to 60-year-olds [4-5].
If the skin is itchy or itchy all year round when the seasons change, along with skin damage, remember to see a doctor immediately and go to a dermatologist! Just leave the diagnosis and treatment to the doctor.
What you need to know is the day-to-day care of your life. Brother Dian will help you organize it clearly from 6 aspects of clothing, food, housing, transportation, washing and nursing.
1. Clothing
Clothes should be loose, cotton, and breathable.
2. Eat
Reasonable abstinence. Combined with the allergen test results and your own food allergy history, food with a positive food allergen test greater than Level 2 should be eaten with caution.
3. Stay
Avoid moving into homes that have just recently been renovated.
Do not lay large or animal fur rugs in your home.
Sheets, quilt covers, sofa covers, etc., should be cleaned and dried regularly, and a mite removal device can also be used.
4.Line
Avoid allergenic environments such as flower markets, botanical gardens, and renovation markets.
When going out in seasons with more pollen, catkins and poplars, it is recommended to wear a mask and take personal protection.
5. Wash
Avoid scalding with hot water, and it is recommended to control the temperature of the bath water below 37°C.
Short the time and frequency of bathing, 2~4 times a week, and try to control it within 10 minutes each time.
Do not scrub with rough bath towels, loofahs, shower balls, shower brushes, etc.
Apply a moisturizing moisturizer immediately after showering and drying.
6. Care
Apply a moisturizing and moisturizing agent (no fragrance, no coloring, no alcohol) to the whole body every day, once a day for mild people, and twice a day for moderate to severe diseases.
In allergic skin diseases, there is also a relatively common disease – urticaria, commonly known as “wind pimples”, about 20% of people have at least one attack in their lifetime [6].