Inactivated vaccines refer to vaccines prepared by culturing, proliferating, and inactivating pathogenic microorganisms by physical and chemical methods to remove their proliferative ability. They are a type of vaccines that do not contain live microorganisms.
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Inactivated vaccine production strains do not necessarily require attenuated or attenuated strains, but inactivating agents must be used to inactivate pathogens. Therefore, potential exogenous factors that may be introduced during the production process can be inactivated. Inactivated vaccines must undergo rigorous inactivation tests to verify whether the pathogens are inactivated, users are safer, and there is no potential risk of toxicity recovery of live vaccines.
Of course, inactivated vaccines also have certain disadvantages. In the process of inactivation, effective antigenic determinants may be destroyed or changed, affecting the immune effect. The immunization program needs to be inoculated and boosted multiple times. The time to maintain the immune effect is short, the antigen quantity is required to be large, the cost is high, and it is not easy to generate local immunity. Common inactivated vaccines include influenza whole virus inactivated vaccine, hepatitis A inactivated vaccine, Japanese encephalitis inactivated vaccine, rabies vaccine, trivalent polio inactivated vaccine, etc.
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