Recently, Wang Ningli, head of the National Blind Prevention Technical Guidance Group and Director of the Eye Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, visited the “14th Five-Year Plan” National Eye Health Plan (2021-2025)” launched by People’s Health. Series column. He proposed that during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, “one old and one young” will be the focus of eye health. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of myopia, move the barrier of eye disease prevention forward, help the sinking of high-quality medical resources, focus on prevention, combine prevention and treatment, and jointly promote the realization of the “14th Five-Year Plan” eye health goal.
Wang Ningli introduced that before the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”, the key work of my country’s ophthalmology department was the blindness prevention plan. Since the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”, my country has begun to transform into an eye health plan, which is also a “signal” of the shift from disease-centered to health-centered. At present, the prevalence of myopia in my country is high, mainly in children and adolescents. As my country enters an aging society, the incidence of cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and other ophthalmic diseases closely related to age is gradually increasing. Therefore, “one old and one young” are the key groups concerned by the “14th Five-Year Plan for National Eye Health (2021-2025)”.
Wang Ningli said that due to the impact of home learning due to the epidemic, many students spent more time watching electronic screens, and the myopia rate rebounded. In 2020, the overall myopia rate among primary and secondary school students reached 52.7%. On the whole, the target of decreasing by 0.5 percentage points per year has been basically achieved. Myopia prevention and control is the top priority of children and adolescents’ eye health work. In recent years, the coverage rate of newborn eye disease screening in my country has gradually increased, and the eye health management system in kindergartens has also been gradually improved.
Wang Ningli introduced that the “14th Five-Year Plan” National Eye Health Plan (2021-2025) mentioned two indicators of “effective refractive error correction rate” and “effective cataract surgery coverage rate”. This indicator is representative of “high quality”. Compared with the previous myopia correction rate and cataract surgery rate, the effective refractive error correction rate further strengthens the quality of myopia correction and helps children wear glasses more standardly. The coverage rate of effective cataract surgery will further raise the threshold for surgery. The establishment of the two indicators is conducive to promoting the breakthrough of eye health from “quantity” to “quality”.
“Eye health is an important part of general health.” Wang Ningli said that the construction of an eye health service platform for children aged 0-6 needs to be implemented from the maternal and child health care hospital to the kindergarten and other links, especially during the kindergarten period , to strengthen the management of children’s vision, refractive development and other aspects. At the same time, it is recommended to set up a low vision diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation platform in a tertiary first-class hospital, so that people with low vision disabilities can get better rehabilitation services. With the help of physical, optical, electronic and other auxiliary methods, it is recommended to increase the visual function of people with low vision and help them restore their productivity. , return to normal life. In addition, it is necessary to establish a health information platform to connect the hospital ophthalmology management information and eye health management information to form a health information platform for the whole life cycle from prevention to treatment; strengthen the construction of popular science platforms, and encourage the national clinical research center and the national medical center to increase Invest in science popularization to promote “experts talk about popular science”; in the construction of eye health scientific research platforms, large medical institutions are required to actively promote scientific research and promote the transformation of research results.
Wang Ningli believes that most eye diseases are preventable and curable, and the prevention of eye diseases is particularly important. It is necessary not only to move the prevention threshold forward, but also to sink to the grassroots level, conduct eye health information management in counties and villages, carry out eye disease screening, promote the popularization of appropriate technologies at the grassroots level, help county hospitals to provide basic ophthalmic medical services, and carry out two-way transfer. diagnosis. In addition, large hospitals should further tackle difficult eye diseases, focusing on prevention, combining prevention and treatment, and jointly promote the realization of the “14th Five-Year Plan” eye health goal.