Medical care requires care.
Writing | Wan Shunshun
Source | “Medical Community” Public Account
Tomorrow (May 12) is the 111th International Nurses Day. The day before Nurses’ Day, the National Health Commission held a press conference to introduce the development of nursing since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
National Health Commission press conference. Image source: China Network
80% of nurses have college education and professional development
Guo Yanhong, Inspector of the National Health and Medical Commission Medical Administration and Hospital Administration Bureau, introduced that by the end of 2021, the number of nurses in China has exceeded 5 million, reaching 5.018 million, an increase of about 2.52 million over 2012. people, an increase of 101%.
3% male nurses
By the end of 2021, male nurses will account for 3% of the country’s more than 5 million nurses.
Zhao Lu, head nurse at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, is one of the 3% male nurses in China. When he first joined in 2009, among the more than 1,400 nurses in Chaoyang Hospital, there were only 12 male nurses, who were assigned to departments with heavy physical work such as operating room, ICU, and emergency department.
Today, the number of male nurses in Chaoyang Hospital has reached more than 80, and they are distributed in various clinical departments of the hospital. Regarding the differences or characteristics between male nurses and female nurses, Zhao Lu believes, “Both male nurses and female nurses have their own advantages. As a boy, he may have some advantages in physical strength, and at the same time he is good at grasping the macroscopic picture. The overall work. The girls are meticulous, gentle, and good at in-depth work, which happens to form a good complementary relationship.”
In Zhao Lu’s view, nurses are just a synonym for a profession. He said that as far as he is concerned, nurses are not suitable or inappropriate for boys. Paying for health, escorting the lives of patients, and using our own technology to provide better support and care for patients is the ultimate goal of nursing work.
College degree approaching 80%
The overall quality and professional ability of the nurse team is also continuously improving. The number of nurses with a college degree or above has increased from 56% in 2012 to nearly 80% in 2021.
In China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 90% of nurses have undergraduate or postgraduate degrees. “If we use the median to draw a portrait of the nurses in our hospital, they are basically under 35 years old, female, and have a bachelor’s degree.” Song Shuli, Secretary of the Party Committee of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital, said, “Our current nurses have a good educational background. , they are both energetic and experienced.”
The nursing work of Sino-Japanese Hospital is carried out in an all-round and comprehensive vertical management. Song Shuli said: “We also focus on cultivating the backbone of young people. Last year, the head nurses of the whole hospital were re-elected. There were 33 new or re-elected head nurses, with an average age of 37 years old. All of them have undergraduate or postgraduate degrees.”
The public’s impression of nursing work may only be injections, medicines, etc. Li Fan, Executive Chief Nurse of the Emergency Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said that nurses have many professional skills in disease observation, medication observation and later rehabilitation work, including assessing the patient’s condition before taking medication, understanding patient diagnosis, mastering pharmacological effects, drug properties and Adverse drug reactions.
Nursing work is gradually developing towards specialization, and nursing staff use professional technology and scientific means to carry out disease treatment. “For tumor patients undergoing long-term chemotherapy, choose a PICC catheter that can be used in the medium and long term and is resistant to drug corrosion to reduce damage to blood vessels and provide patients with stable intravenous infusion access. In addition to intravenous therapy, there are also oncology and diabetes. , nutrition, etc. Because nurses continue to exert their nursing professionalism, they can meet diversified professional nursing needs.” Li Fan said.
Increase the supply of resources in areas such as the elderly, community, home, etc.
A few days ago, the National Health and Medical Commission issued the “National Nursing Development Plan (2021-2025)”, which proposed that the total number of nurses in the country should reach 5.5 million by 2025. The number of registered nurses per thousand population should reach 3.8. At the same time, the ratio of medical care to nursing should reach 1:1.2.
In the field of nursing services, it is proposed that during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, the implementation of the overall responsibility system of nursing should be deepened, and the connotation and extension of nursing should be further expanded, especially for the elderly, community and home. The supply of other aspects should be continuously improved. At the same time, a series of goals and requirements have been put forward for the nursing work of the hospital and the nursing work at the grass-roots level.
China’s aging trend continues to increase, and there is a large gap in meeting the needs of the elderly for medical care services. The elderly in society are mainly those with chronic diseases, including those with disabilities, advanced age, and inconvenient mobility. Whether from institutions, communities or at home, they must be demand-oriented, not only to meet the rigid needs of the elderly’s health and care, but also to improve Life and quality of life in older adults.
In order to enable the elderly to receive the nursing services they need at home, the National Health Commission issued the “Notice on Strengthening Home-based Medical Services for the Elderly” in 2020, requiring qualified medical care The institution actively provides door-to-door medical and nursing services such as disease diagnosis and treatment, medical care, and rehabilitation for the elderly.
The Plan states that the combination of different medical institutionsFunctional positioning provides professional and standardized nursing services according to needs and classification. The tertiary hospital mainly provides nursing care for difficult and critically ill patients, and strengthens the construction of nursing disciplines and personnel training; the secondary hospital mainly provides nursing for common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases; nursing homes, nursing centers, rehabilitation medical centers, palliative care centers, and primary care Institutions, etc. mainly provide elderly care, rehabilitation care, long-term care, palliative care and other services.
Some primary and secondary hospitals are transformed into nursing homes, nursing centers, etc. Increase the number of beds provided by primary medical institutions to provide nursing, palliative care and other services, and encourage qualified medical institutions to carry out family hospital beds and home care services based on actual conditions, and effectively expand the supply of elderly care, rehabilitation care, home care and other services.
Beijing’s resident elderly population is 4.416 million, which will increase by 1 million during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period. Li Ang, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Health and Health Commission, said that the profession of nurses used to be mainly medical-related professional nursing needs, but now there are corresponding needs and needs in rehabilitation physiotherapy, chronic disease management, and prevention.
At present, 240 medical institutions in Beijing have set up geriatric medicine departments, 248 medical institutions have set up rehabilitation medicine departments, 95 medical institutions have established palliative care wards, and nursing homes There are 8 and 20 nursing stations, “but it’s not enough, we need to speed up the construction.”
“Internet +” inspires new vitality in nursing
In 2019, the National Health and Medical Commission identified 6 provinces and cities including Beijing as pilot cities for “Internet + Nursing Services”, and signed contracts for “Internet + Nursing Services” with family doctors, family hospital beds, continuous Nursing and other services are organically combined. With the help of the new format of “Internet +”, it can provide the people with door-to-door medical care services.
How does the Internet Nursing Service protect the public’s nursing needs? Li Ang said that “Internet + nursing service” requires “two clarifications” and “two norms”. The main body of responsibility for Internet services must be physical medical institutions with family beds and patrol services. Nurses must have more than five years of clinical nursing work experience, and at the same time have a technical title of nurse or above, and must file and register with offline physical medical institutions.
In terms of normative aspects, all projects must comply with the principles of safety, necessity, effectiveness, low medical risk, easy operation and implementation, standard disinfection and isolation, and try to avoid the occurrence of adverse reactions. Before providing home care services, nurses conduct an initial consultation with the patient, paying attention to the patient’s health status, family situation, and service needs. Dispatch qualified and competent nurses, and prohibit order grabbing without evaluation. The whole process of service must be traceable, queried and traceable.
In addition to door-to-door services, Internet technology can also be used in remote clinics and health education.
China-Japan Friendship Hospital innovatively conducts remote “1+1+N” multidisciplinary nursing clinics using Internet technology. Under the guidance of nursing leaders, multi-disciplinary experts are organized to carry out remote nursing diagnosis and treatment. Taking the special event for organ transplant patients on May 9 as an example, the head nurse of the surgical anesthesiology department took the lead, and the directors of thoracic surgery, hepatobiliary surgery, urology and other disciplines attended the event for more than 200 patients before and after organ transplantation. Online nursing guidance and health education. “Patients can receive high-quality medical care from a multidisciplinary team without leaving their homes,” said Song Shuli.
Source: Medicine
Editor in charge: Zheng Huaju
Proofreading: Zang Hengjia