National Cancer Prevention Week
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April 15-21, 2022 is the 28th National Cancer Prevention and Control Awareness Week. The theme of this year’s Awareness Week is “Early Action for Cancer Prevention”, which aims to actively advocate for everyone to do their own health The first responsible person, correctly understand cancer, actively prevent and control cancer, establish the concept of cancer prevention, and take active actions to achieve early prevention, early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment, and effectively reduce the social harm and disease burden caused by cancer.
On April 14th, the launching ceremony of the 28th National Cancer Prevention Publicity Week was held in Beijing. At the event, the National Cancer Center presented the main methods of cancer screening and early diagnosis and treatment.
He Jie, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, director of the National Cancer Center, and president of the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, pointed out at the event,Early intervention is an important means to effectively reduce the incidence and mortality of cancer. For major chronic diseases such as cancer, “early” means opportunity and life< /strong>.
01 Lung cancer span>
Use low-dose spiral CT (LDCT) for screening.
People at high risk for lung cancer are 40-74 years of age who meet any of the following criteria:
(1) Smoking: Smoking pack years ≥ 30 pack years, including ever smoking ≥ 30 pack years Pack years, but quit smoking less than 15 years; [smoking pack years = how many packs of smoking per day (20 cigarettes per pack) × smoking age (years)]
(2) Passive smoking: Live or work in the same room with a smoker for >20 years;
(3) History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
(4) ) with a history of occupational exposure (asbestos, radon, beryllium, chromium, cadmium, nickel, silicon, soot and soot) for at least 1 year;
< p>(5) A first-degree relative diagnosed with lung cancer.
A low-dose helical CT (LDCT) screening should be performed once a year for people at high risk of lung cancer.
02gastric cancer >
< strong>Gastroscopy is the first choice, followed by Helicobacter pylori, pepsinogen and gastrin detection.
People at high risk of gastric cancer are those over the age of 40 who have any of the following characteristics:
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(1) Helicobacter pylori infection;
(2) Long-term smoking and drinking; < /p>
(3) Have a family history of gastric cancer;
(4) Live in Areas with high incidence of gastric cancer;
(5) with atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric polyps and other symptoms.
People at high risk of gastric cancer should receive a gastroscopy. If there is no abnormality, it is recommended to perform a gastroscopy every 2-3 years; if any abnormality is found, it is recommended to perform a gastroscopy every year.
03 Esophageal cancer:< span>Use endoscopy.
High risk of esophageal cancer is 40 years of age and older, and Those who meet any of the following characteristics:
(1) long-term smoking and drinking;
(2) Having a family history of esophageal cancer;
(3) Living in a high-incidence area of esophageal cancer;
(4) Like hot food, pickled food, hard food;
(5) Symptoms such as repeated acid reflux, dysphagia, foreign body sensation in the esophagus, Barrett’s esophagus, esophagitis or precancerous lesions.
People at high risk of esophageal cancer should receive an endoscopy. If there is no abnormality, it is recommended to perform an endoscopy every 2-3 years; if any abnormality is found, it is recommended to perform an endoscopy every year thereafter.< /p>
04 Colorectal cancer >colonoscopy and fecal occult blood testing are preferred, focal tumors markers, genetic testing Measurement.
People aged 40 and above who have 4 or more of the following risk factors are assessed as high risk of colorectal cancer Population:
(1)Age over 50 (Age over 60 age as two risk factors);
(2)male;< /span>
(3)Family history of colorectal cancer in first-degree relatives;
(4)Smoking or ever smoking;
(5) BMI ≥23.
If the fecal occult blood test is positive, it will be directly assessed as a high-risk group for colorectal cancer.
It is recommended that high-risk groups aged 40-75 receive colorectal cancer screening, and those aged 50-74 years with low- and medium-risk risk receive colorectal cancer screening. check. High-quality colonoscopy every 5-10 years; FIT every year.
05 Breast cancer:
(1) For high-risk groups and general-risk groups with dense breasts,
/strong>Breast ultrasound combined with mammography is preferred for screening; (2) For general risk groups, recommended alone Screening using breast ultrasound.
Women who meet any of the following criteria 1, 2 and 3 are at high risk of breast cancer:
1. Have a family history of genetics, and have any of the following:
(1) First-degree relatives with breast or ovarian cancer
(2) Two or more second-degree relatives had breast cancer before the age of 50;
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(3) The second-degree relatives had 2 or more ovarian cancers before the age of 50;
(4) At least one first-degree relative carries a known pathogenic genetic mutation of BRCA1/2 gene; or carries a pathogenic genetic mutation of BRCA1/2 gene.
2. Have any of the following:
(1) age at menarche ≤ 12 years old;
(2) Age of menopause ≥55 years old;
(3) History of breast biopsy Or history of surgery for benign breast disease, or history of pathologically proven breast (lobular or duct) dysplasia;
Hormone replacement therapy with “hormone combination” for ≥6 months; ) type is Inhomogeneous Density or Density.
3. Have any two of the following:
(1) no history of breastfeeding or breastfeeding time <4 months;
(2) No history of live birth (including neverFertility, miscarriage, stillbirth) or the age of first live birth ≥ 30 years old;
(3) hormone replacement therapy using only “estrogen” ≥ 6 months;
(4) Abortion (including spontaneous abortion and induced abortion) ≥ 2 times.
High-risk groups should be screened for breast cancer once a year starting from the age of 40; women with average breast cancer risk are those with high breast cancer risk All women of appropriate age outside the population, 45-70 years of age at average risk should be screened for breast cancer every 1-2 years.
06 Liver cancer >
< strong>The first choice is serum alpha-fetoprotein detection combined with abdominal ultrasonography.
The high risk group for liver cancer is male 45-74 years old and female 50-74 years old, who meet the following criteria Any condition:
(1) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive; p>
(2) History of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection;
( 3) History of liver cirrhosis;
(4) History of liver cancer in first- or second-degree relatives.
It is suggested that high-risk groups should undergo serum alpha-fetoprotein detection combined with abdominal ultrasonography, and further determine the diagnosis, treatment and re-examination plan based on the comprehensive results.
For people with high risk of liver cancer, regular examinations should be done every six months; for normal people, including people without hepatitis background, they still need to be checked every year. 1 health check.
Source: Health Times
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