Recently, the National Health Commission released the “2021 Statistical Bulletin on the Development of my country’s Health and Health Development”. The “Communiqué” shows that the health status of Chinese residents has continued to improve. The per capita life expectancy of residents has increased from 77.93 years in 2020 to 78.2 years in 2021, and the maternal mortality rate has dropped from 16.9/100,000 to 16.1/100,000. The mortality rate decreased from 5.4‰ to 5.0‰. While my country’s health care industry has become more solid, and people’s health protection is more powerful, various indicators have been continuously optimized, and the overall development trend of “two increases, one stability and multiple paths” has been presented.
Full text of the Bulletin:
2021 Development of my country’s Health and Health Development in 2018
Statistical Bulletin
In 2021, the national health system will conscientiously implement the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, coordinate epidemic prevention and control and health work, and continuously promote the high-quality development of health care. The per capita life expectancy of residents will increase from 77.93 years in 2020 to 78.2 years in 2021, the maternal mortality rate will drop from 16.9/100,000 to 16.1/100,000, and the infant mortality rate will drop from 5.4‰ to 5.0‰.
1. Health resources
(1) The total number of medical and health institutions. By the end of 2021, the total number of medical and health institutions in the country will be 1,030,935, an increase of 8,013 over the previous year. Among them: 36,570 hospitals, 977,790 primary medical and health institutions, and 13,276 professional public health institutions. Compared with the previous year, the number of hospitals increased by 1,176, and the number of primary medical and health institutions increased by 7,754. A total of 10 categories of national medical centers and national regional medical centers for children are set up across the country.
Among the hospitals, there are 11,804 public hospitals and 24,766 private hospitals. Hospitals are classified by grade: 3,275 tertiary hospitals (including 1,651 tertiary first-class hospitals), 10,848 second-level hospitals, 12,649 first-level hospitals, and 9,798 unclassified hospitals (see Table 1).
Hospitals are divided by the number of beds: 21,909 hospitals with less than 100 beds, 5,412 hospitals with 100-199 beds, 5,017 hospitals with 200-499 beds, 2,068 hospitals with 500-799 beds, and 800 beds There are 2,164 hospitals with beds and above.
In primary medical and health institutions, there are 36,160 community health service centers (stations) (including 10,122 community health service centers and 26,038 community health service stations), 34,943 township health centers, clinics and infirmaries 271,056, and 599,292 village clinics.
Among the professional public health institutions, there are 3376 centers for disease prevention and control, including 31 at the provincial level, 410 at the prefecture (city) level, and 2755 at the county (district, county-level city) level. There are 3,010 health supervision institutions, including 25 at the provincial level, 315 at the prefecture (city) level, and 2,487 at the county (district, county-level city) level. There are 3,032 maternal and child health care institutions, including 26 at the provincial level, 377 at the prefecture (city) level, and 2,554 at the county (district, county-level city) level.
(2) Number of beds. By the end of 2021, there will be 9.448 million beds in medical and health institutions nationwide, including 7.413 million beds in hospitals (78.5%), 1.712 million beds in primary medical and health institutions (18.1%), and 302,000 beds in professional public health institutions (accounting for 18.1%). 3.2%). Among the hospitals, beds in public hospitals accounted for 70.2%, and beds in private hospitals accounted for 29.8%. Compared with the previous year, the number of beds increased by 348,000, including: an increase of 281,000 beds in hospitals (an increase of 116,000 in public hospitals and an increase of 166,000 in private hospitals), an increase of 63,000 beds in primary medical and health institutions, and an increase in beds in professional public health institutions An increase of 0.6 million. The number of beds in medical and health institutions per thousand population will increase from 6.46 in 2020 to 6.70 in 2021.
(3) The total number of health personnel. At the end of 2021, the total number of health personnel nationwide was 13.983 million, an increase of 508,000 (3.8%) over the previous year.
Among the total number of health personnel at the end of 2021, there were 11.242 million health technicians. Among the health technicians, there are 4.287 million licensed (assistant) physicians and 5.018 million registered nurses. Compared with the previous year, the number of health technicians increased by 564,000 (an increase of 5.3%) (see Table 2).
The distribution of health personnel by the end of 2021: 8.478 million in hospitals (60.6%), 4.432 million in primary medical and health institutions (31.7%), and 958,000 in professional public health institutions (6.9%).
In 2021, there will be 3.04 licensed (assistant) physicians per 1,000 population, 3.56 registered nurses per 1,000 population; 3.08 general practitioners per 10,000 population, and 6.79 professional public health institutions per 10,000 population (see Table 3).
Second, medical services
(1) The number of outpatients and inpatients. In 2021, the total number of consultations in medical and health institutions nationwide will be 8.47 billion, an increase of 730 million (9.4% increase) over the previous year. 2021 The average annual residents visit medical and health institutions 6.0 times.
In 2021, the total number of medical and medical visits will be 3.88 billion in hospitals (45.8%), 4.25 billion in primary medical and health institutions (50.2%), other medical 340 million person-times (4.0%) in health institutions. Compared with the previous year, hospital diagnosis and treatment increased by 560 million, and primary medical and health institutions increased by 130 million.
In 2021, public hospital diagnosis and treatment will be 3.27 billion (account for 3.27 billion). 84.2% of the total hospital visits), and 610 million private hospitals (accounting for 15.8% of the total hospital visits) (see Table 5).
Four. Traditional Chinese Medicine Services
(1) TCM institutions, beds and staff . In 2021, there will be 77,336 TCM medical and health institutions nationwide, an increase of 4,981 over the previous year. Among them: 5,715 TCM hospitals, 71,583 TCM outpatient departments and clinics, and 38 TCM research institutions. Compared with the previous year, the number of TCM hospitals increased by 233, and the number of TCM outpatient departments and clinics increased by 4753 (see Table 11).
V. Medical expenses for patients
(1) Medical expenses for hospital patients. In 2021, the average outpatient cost of the hospital is 329.2 yuan, an increase of 1.5% over the previous year at the price of the current year, and an increase of 0.6% at the comparable price; Comparable prices rose 2.7%. The average daily hospitalization cost was 1191.7 yuan (see Table 15).
In 2021, the hospital’s average outpatient drug cost (123.3 yuan) will account for 37.5% of the average outpatient cost, down 1.6 percentage points from the previous year (39.1%); the hospital’s average inpatient drug cost (2759.5 yuan) ) accounted for 25.1% of the average hospitalization expenses, down 1.1 percentage points from the previous year (26.2%).
In 2021, in public hospitals at all levels, the average outpatient cost of tertiary hospitals will decrease by 0.9% (the price of the current year, the same below), and the average inpatient cost will decrease by 1.1% (see Table 15).
, Disease Control and Public Health
(1) Prevention and control of the novel coronavirus pneumonia. In 2021, 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps reported 15,243 confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia, including 6,866 imported cases and 8,377 local cases; 6,265 asymptomatic infections, including imported cases There are 5,047 cases and 1,218 indigenous cases. A total of 12,725 cured and discharged cases were reported throughout the year, including 6,331 imported cases and 6,394 local cases, and 2 deaths.
Further improve the policy system of epidemic prevention and control, unswervingly adhere to the general strategy of “foreign import, internal rebound” and the general policy of “dynamic clearing”, adhere to the same prevention of people, things and the environment, revise and issue 85 categories of key places, key units, and key groups of people with relevant protection guidelines for the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, formulate and revise the “New Coronavirus Pneumonia Prevention and Control Plan (Eighth Edition)” and “New Coronavirus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Version 8 Revised Edition)” ” and other programs.
As of December 31, 2021, a total of 2,835.332 million doses of the new coronavirus vaccine have been completed, and 1,210.685 million people have completed the whole course of vaccination; a total of 11,937 medical and health institutions across the country provide new coronavirus nucleic acid testing services, The total detection capacity has reached 41.68 million/day, and the nucleic acid detection capacity has been significantly improved; there are more than 800 designated hospitals for new coronary pneumonia nationwide.
(2) Infectious diseases report morbidity and death. In 2021, 2.727 million cases of Class A and B infectious diseases will be reported nationwide, and 22,000 deaths will be reported. The top five reported cases were viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, gonorrhea and brucellosis, accounting for 93.3% of the total reported cases of Class A and B infectious diseases. The top five reported deaths are AIDS, tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, rabies, and epidemic hemorrhagic fever, accounting for 99.7% of the total reported deaths from Class A and B infectious diseases (see Table 17).
In 2021, the reported incidence of Class A and B infectious diseases nationwide is 193.46/100,000, and the mortality rate is 1.5733/100,000.
VII. Maternal and child health and healthy aging
(1) Maternal and child health care. In 2021, the rate of prenatal examinations for pregnant and lying-in women will be 97.6%, and the rate of postpartum visits will be 96.0%. Compared with the previous year, the rate of prenatal examinations and postnatal visits increased (see Table 19). In 2021, the hospital delivery rate will be 99.9% (100.0% in the city and 99.9% in the county), and all hospital deliveries will be basically achieved.
In 2021, the systematic management rate of children under 3 years old will reach 92.8%, which is basically the same as the previous year;
VIII. Food safety and hygiene supervision
(1) Food safety risk monitoring. According to the reports of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, by the end of 2021, there will be 2,778 food safety risk monitoring points nationwide, monitoring 113,000 samples of 26 categories for pollutants and harmful factors; 70,478 medical and health institutions carried out foodborne disease surveillance. A total of 5,493 foodborne disease outbreaks were reported nationwide, involving 32,334 cases and 117 deaths.
(2) Hygiene supervision in public places. In 2021, there will be 1.596 million units under supervision of public place hygiene, with 8.061 million employees. 1.842 million households were supervised and inspected in public places, and 106,000 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law.
(3) Sanitation supervision of drinking water. In 2021, there will be 104,000 supervised units for drinking water sanitation (water supply) nationwide, and 744,000 people directly engaged in water supply and management. 130,000 households were supervised and inspected for drinking water sanitation (water supply). There are 6,346 supervised units involving drinking water sanitation and safety products nationwide, employing 125,000 people. Supervised and inspected 7,214 households involving drinking water sanitation and safety products. 4,079 cases involving drinking water and drinking water safety products were investigated and dealt with in accordance with the law.
(4) Centralized disinfection and hygiene supervision of disinfection products and tableware and drinking utensils. In 2021, there will be 10,817 supervised units for disinfection products nationwide, employing 212,000 people. Disinfection products were supervised and inspected 31,000 households, and 12,673 were sampled, with a pass rate of 96.8%. 2,529 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law. In 2021, there will be 4,018 centralized disinfection service units for tableware and drinking utensils nationwide, employing 44,000 people. 8,797 households were supervised and inspected, and 1,475 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law.
(5) School health supervision. In 2021, there will be 194,000 supervised schools nationwide, 233,000 households will be supervised and inspected, and 7,329 cases will be investigated and dealt with.
(6) Occupational health and radiation health supervision. By the end of 2021, 6,725 households of occupational health inspection, occupational disease diagnosis, and radiological health technical institutions will be regularly supervised, with a supervision coverage rate of 75.2%. 598 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law. There were 77,000 supervised units for radiological diagnosis and treatment, with a supervision coverage rate of 77.6%. Regular supervision was carried out on 86,000 households, and 7,705 radiation hygiene cases were investigated and dealt with in accordance with the law.
(7) Supervision of health care, blood safety and infectious disease prevention and control. In 2021, 42,000 health administrative penalties will be imposed on medical institutions or medical personnel in accordance with the law. Administrative penalties imposed on 12,000 cases of practicing medicine without a license. According to the law, 57 administrative penalties were imposed on blood collection and supply institutions. 79,000 cases of infectious disease prevention and control were investigated and dealt with in accordance with the law, of which 79,000 cases were imposed on health administrative penalties according to law.
(8) Maternal and child health supervision. In 2021, 20,000 units will be supervised for maternal and child health, 29,000 households will be supervised and inspected by units for maternal and child health, and 816 cases will be investigated and dealt with according to law.
(9) Occupational health and technical service organizations of employersSupervision and Law Enforcement
In 2021, 200,000 employers will be supervised and inspected nationwide, and 17,308 cases will be investigated and dealt with. In 2021, 1,042 households of occupational health technical service institutions will be supervised and inspected nationwide, and 59 cases will be investigated and dealt with.
IX. Population and Family Development
The number of births in 2021 will be 10.62 million. The second child accounted for 41.4%, the third child and above accounted for 14.5%, and the sex ratio of the birth population was 110.9. In 2021, the reward and assistance system for some rural family planning families will benefit 16.314 million; the special assistance system for family planning families will benefit 1.713 million . A total of 24.08 billion yuan was invested in the “three systems” of family planning family incentives and assistance, an increase of 1.68 billion yuan over the previous year; the central government invested 13.24 billion yuan, an increase of 750 million yuan over the previous year.
Notes:
(1) Healthcare institutions include hospitals, primary healthcare institutions, professional public health institutions, and other institutions. (2) Public hospitals refer to hospitals (including government-run hospitals) whose economic types are state-owned and collectively run. (3) Private hospitals refer to hospitals other than public hospitals, including joint venture, joint-stock cooperative, private, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau investment and foreign investment hospitals. (4) Primary medical and health institutions include community health service centers (stations), street health centers, township health centers, village health offices, outpatient departments, and clinics (infirmaries). (5) Professional public health institutions include centers for disease prevention and control, specialized disease prevention and control institutions, maternal and child health care institutions, health education institutions, emergency centers (stations), blood collection and supply institutions, health supervision institutions, and family planning technology service organization. (6) Government-run medical and health institutions refer to medical and health institutions organized by administrative departments such as health, education, civil affairs, public security, justice, and the Corps. (7) Traditional Chinese medicine medical and health institutions include hospitals, outpatient departments, clinics and scientific research institutions of traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and ethnic medicine. (8) Health personnel include health technicians, personnel with rural doctor certificates and health workers, other technical personnel, management personnel, and skilled laborers. Statistics based on the number of on-the-job employees, including those on staff, contract system, re-employment and temporary employment for more than half a year. (9) Health technicians include licensed (assistant) physicians, registered nurses, pharmacists (scholars), technicians (scholars), health supervisors (including the number of civil servants who have obtained health supervisor certificates), other health technicians. (10) Licensed (assistant) physicians refer to those who have obtained a physician’s practice certificate and are actually engaged in clinical work, excluding those who have obtained a doctor’s practice certificate but are actually engaged in management work. (11) Registered nurses refer to those who have obtained a registered nurse certificate and are actually engaged in nursing work, excluding those who have obtained a nurse practitioner certificate but are actually engaged in management work. (12) Number of health technicians, number of licensed (assistant) physicians, number of registered nurses, number of general practitioners, number of personnel in professional public health institutions, and number of beds in medical and health institutions per 1,000 population are calculated based on the permanent population . (13) The results of per capita life expectancy of residents in 2021 are preliminary data, and 2020 is the data of the seventh census.
Source: National Health Commission website
Text: Chief Health News Reporter Ye Longjie
Editor: Guan Zhongyao
Proofreading: Ma Yang
Reviewing: Xu Bingnan and Yan Yan
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