內容目錄
Foreword
People today appreciate ancient poetry. In addition to some uncommon words that are difficult to understand, there are also some common words. Because the meanings of ancient and modern are different, they are often misunderstood by us.
For example, the word “side”, most people will take for granted “edge, beside”, but in ancient poetry, this word sometimes also means front, middle, bottom, inner, between, etc. meaning.
First, the original meaning of the edge
edge, hanging the cliff (Shuowen Jiezi), the edge of the cliff. The original meaning is the edge, the edge, such as Zhang said, “Fenghe Holy Orders Shaanzhou should be made”:
Zhou Zhao tasted Shaanxi, and the poems and books were repeated.
How to be like a million people, follow the two southern chapters.
On the side of the Hong River in the county belt, [by the Gonglin Avenue].
The city of Los Angeles is approaching, and the mountains and rivers are full of good vibes.
The border of a country is the frontier, the border, which is also the common meaning of “border”. For example, Xu Jingzong’s “Five Words and Chess Should Be Edict”:
Yu Li is new to the formation, and Rui □ suddenly competes for the first place.
The eight-circle rule is broken, [slightly wild and open].
The branches are gradually spreading, and the branches are gradually connected.
Winning is spiritual, not about character.
Edge, frontier. Open the border, open the frontier and break the ground.
Frontier, which is also extended to frontier affairs and frontier defense, Li Yan’s “Fortunate Qinchuan on Zitong Mountain”:
Qiao Yan is clustered with cold smoke, and the path is cold in the cold sky.
Looking down at the Emei Mountains and looking up at the top of Huayue Mountain.
To drive away and not to have fun, [press luck as worry edge].
It’s like ascending to the top of the mountain, and there are thousands of songlou roads.
Worry about the border, worry about the border defense of the country.
Second, before, the monarch and minister of the Central Plains are on the edge of the tiger
The edge not only means the side, but also the side. It has the previous meaning, such as Du Fu’s “Daydream”
February Rao sleeps dazedly, not only night and short day.
The scent of peach blossoms warms the eyes and gets drunk, and the sunset in the spring and the sunset dream together.
The bottom of the thorns in the hometown’s gate alley, the [Central Plains monarchs and ministers and the tiger side].
Andre was working in agriculture and fighting, and there were no officials in the world asking for money.
At the bottom of the thorns in the hometown’s gate alley, [the side of the monarchs and ministers of the Central Plains]. After the An-Shi Rebellion, apart from looting by the rebels, the Huihe and Tubo invaded again and again. What does it mean that the people and the rulers and ministers reject the wolf at the front door and meet the tiger at the back door.
The monarchs and ministers of the Central Plains are on the edge of the tiger, and the edge means the front. This poem can make people feel that the aggressor is eyeing and waiting for an opportunity.
Third, in the middle, the edge of the spring tear stains
indicates the edge, the front is easy to understand, and it means the middle, which needs to be carefully tasted. Du Fu’s poem “ Sending Wei Shiba by the River”:
The late spring water, farewell by light boat feast.
In addition to the melancholy of the emperor’s hometown, [spring tears].
See the wine and remember each other, and pass on the poem Molang.
If you meet Cen and Fan, you will be rewarded for the bad years.
Besides the melancholy of the emperor’s hometown, [the edge of the tears of spring], the outside is opposite to the edge, and the second line means that I see spring in my eyes. The word “side” is used for rhyme.
Similarly, the verses from the outside, and Ouyang Zhan’s “Lingyan Shuji”:
It will be two years before Lingyan, and the scenery will still be the same .
The mountains and mountains are far out of the blue sky, [tired birds return to the edge of the sunset].
It’s good to sit on the spring stone in the love cloud forest, and walk on the road to seek the warmth of the valley and the wild bridge.
As I travel together, I don’t realize that it’s getting late, so I temporarily borrow a couch in the monk’s room to sleep.
The tired bird returns to the sunset. Birds fly back in the sunset.
Fourth, next, Qincheng Beidou edge
edge, and the following meaning, Du Fu “Lili” poem cloud:
Lili Kaiyuan event, clearly in front of us.
It started as an unprovoked thief, and suddenly moved with age.
Outside the Xijiang River in Wuxia, [Qincheng Beidoubian].
Lang Cong Bai’s head, lying ill for several autumns.
Xijiang, the Yangtze River in Shu, Qincheng, refers to Chang’an. The Beidou side of Qincheng, Chang’an City is below the Beidou star. A similar example is Wang Bo’s “Bai Xia Yi Departures from Tang Shaofu”:
Xiayi is poor, and Changting travels and eats.
It’s good to know each other early, and the embrace is still there.
Pulou low evening photo, the village road is separated from the wind and smoke.
How to go, [Chang’an is on the edge of the sun].
Chang’an is in the sun, and the city of Chang’an is under the distant sun.
Five, direction, place, end, Shiratori go to the edge
edge, and place, direction. For example, one of Du Fu’s “Four Songs of Rain”:
In light rain, there is no slide, and the cloud is broken.
Purple cliffs run to the black, [White Bird goes to Bian Ming].
The autumn is a new shadow, and the cold river is old.
Chai Fei Lin Ye Sui, half have to pound incense japonica.
White Bird goes to Bian Ming. The direction that Shiratori goes is bright, the side, the side is opposite to the place, and the side also has the meaning of the place. The above-mentioned “Chang’an is on the edge of the sun” in Wang Bo’s “Bai Xia Yi Yu Tang Shao Fu” can also be understood as Chang’an in the direction of the sun, or Chang’an is in the place where the sun is.
Another example: Sunrise in the east and rain in the west.
Zhang Xu’s poem “Peach Blossom Stream” in the Tang Dynasty:
A faint flying bridge is separated by wild smoke, and a fishing boat is asked on the west bank of Shiji.
The peach blossoms follow the flowing water all day long, [where is the hole in the clear stream].
Where the edge is, it means where and where.
is also extended to mean the end, such as Du Fu’s “Ascension”: Birds fly back.
[Boundless falling trees are falling down], the endless Yangtze River is rolling in.
Wanli Beiqiu is often a guest, and has been on the stage alone for more than a century.
Hard hardships and hatred for the frenzy on the temples, and down the new stop turbid wine glass.
Boundless falling trees, endless fallen leaves.
Concluding remarks
From ancient times to the present, many words not only have different pronunciations, but also have different meanings. Therefore, people today may misunderstand ancient poems.
There are many kinds of words in ancient poems.
The meaning, however, is mostly about the meaning of the location and orientation. It can be seen that the above examples are all poems in the near style. This kind of ambiguity can better meet the requirements of the metric, and replace many words in the verse.
< p>@Old Street Taste
Don’t ask people to ask ghosts and gods, the same allusions of Jia Yi are reversed, Li Bai and Li Shangyin use different angles