Morning Reading | American Heart Association proposes "Eight Elements of Life"

American Heart Association (AHA)promotedpromoting cardiovascular health< /span>“Life’s Essential 8” updates and strengthens the concept of cardiovascular health. “Eight Elements of Life” mainly adds sleep health. currently4healthy behaviors (diet, physical activity, smoking cessation, sleep), 4 health factors (not fat, cholesterol, blood sugar, normal blood pressure).

eight life elements

AHA believes that getting enough sleep is ideal An essential component of heart and brain health.

In addition, in The Eight Elements of Life, for all ages ≥2 years old,AHA presents a new guideline for evaluating diet.

With regard to smoking status, AHApoints to consider secondhand smoke and e-cigarette exposure ;

In terms of blood lipid detection, AHAemphasizes the use of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to replace total cholesterol;

blood glucose testing should include glycated hemoglobin.

Diet: Five more and three less

A healthy diet consists of five more fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes, whole grains and low-fat dairy products, three less Eat: Less salt, less red and processed meat, and less sugar-sweetened beverages.

At an individual level, a Mediterranean dietary pattern is recommended to assess and monitor cardiovascular health. It can be assessed by 16 questions, including the frequency of weekly intake of olive oil, vegetables, berries, meat, fish, dairy products, grains, etc.

Physical activity: children are active for 1 hour per day

There is no change in the definition of physical activity.

For adults, ideally at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity exercise, or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise;

For children ≥6 years of age, exercise at least 420 minutes per week , that is, there are 1 hours of activity every day; 6 children under the age of Adjust the amount of exercise appropriately.

Smoking (nicotine exposure): includes all tobacco exposures

In the Seven Simple Laws of Life, smoking status is only Limited to monitoring conventional cigarettes.

In The Eight Elements of Life, this indicator includes all nicotine exposures.

Includes not only traditional combustible cigarettes, but also new electronic cigarettes and electronic atomizers. This reflects the use of these products in adults and adolescents and their long-term health effects.

In addition, The Eight Elements of Life also includes exposure to secondhand smoke in children and adults.

Sleep Length: Adults should get 7 hours of sleep

The ideal amount of sleep per night for adults Yes7~9 hours.

Under ideal conditions, ≤5 years old Sleep 10~16small during the day6~12year-olds should sleep9~12hours, 13 People aged ~18 should sleep8~10 hours.

BMI: Adjustable as appropriate

The working group acknowledges that body mass index (BMI ) is an imperfect metric, but it is easy to calculate and widely available. Therefore, BMI continues to be a reasonable measure to assess the types of weight that may contribute to health problems.

When BMIis 18.5~ Cardiovascular health was best at 24.9 kg/m².

However, the working group noted that, among people of different race, ethnic background or ancestry, BMI and associated health risks vary.

This is in line with World Health Organization recommendations to be adjusted according to the situationBMI< span>Be consistent, as evidence in recent years suggests that people of Asian or Pacific Islander ancestry have a lower BMI, there is a risk of cardiovascular disease or 2type diabetes.

Blood lipids: non-HDL-C recommended

AHA states that, Non-HDL-C should be preferred over total cholesterol for monitoring lipids.

The reason for this change is that non-HDL-Cis detected in the Fasting is not required before (so that it can be tested at any time of day, and more people will be tested at doctor visits), and values can be calculated reliably in all people.

Glucose: HbA1c may be considered

With or without1type or 2type diabetes or prediabetes, blood sugar testing can choose glycosylated hemoglobin or blood sugar level.

Among them, the level of glycated hemoglobin can better reflect the long-term glycemic control.

Blood pressure: optimal level is <120/80 mmHg

still at <120/80 mmHg< /span>As the optimal blood pressure level, hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥130~139/80~89 mmHg.

The above8 metrics have a new Scoring method, ranging from 0 to 100 points; the total cardiovascular health score is 8 health indicators The average of the scores, also ranging from 0 to 100 points.

Total score<50 points, poor cardiovascular health; total score 50~79 points, ≥80 points, indicating moderate and high cardiovascular health levels, respectively.

The Working Group recommends that, for the most complete and accurate The eight elements of life” were scored, and blood cholesterol, blood sugar, blood pressure, height and weight were measured at least every 5 years.

In addition to the above 8 indicators, the working group also retrospectively analyzed the impact of stress, mental health, and health-related social determinants on cardiovascular health. Essential for understanding the foundations of health, especially for diverse racial and ethnic groups.

Basic Background of Cardiovascular Health

According to the “Eight Elements of Life”, only 19.6% of U.S. adults have high cardiovascular health, and adults with moderate and poor cardiovascular health account for 62.5% and 17.9%. Mean cardiovascular health scores for U.S. adults and children were 64.7 and 65.5, respectively points.

Before, Wang Zengwu of Fuwai Hospital and others reported on the national 45The results of a survey on cardiovascular health behaviors and factors of 27 607 employees of one company, measured by 7 health indicators defined by the American Heart Association, only 0.6% The people with span> are in full compliance, and those with ≥5 items account for 23.5%.

Source:[1]Life’s Essential 8: Updating and Enhancing the American Heart Association’s Construct of Cardiovascular Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association. Circulation, 29 Jun 2022[2]Status of Cardiovascular Health in US Adults and Children Using the American Heart Association’s New “Life’s Essential 8” Metrics: Prevalence Estimates from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2013 -2018. Circulation, 29 Jun 2022[3] Wang Xin, Shen Yang, Wang Zengwu, et al. The ideal cardiovascular Health status and its association with socioeconomic status. Chinese Journal of Circulation, 2018, 33: 446-451.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3614.2018.05.007 span>

Disclaimer: This article is from China Circulation Magazine, author Zhu Zhu, Wen Tao, are only used for learning and communication, and the copyright belongs to the original authors. Scan QR code for free