If I have hemorrhoids, can I only “cut it”?

Hemorrhoids are the most common anorectal disease, which can occur at any age, and the incidence gradually increases with age.

01What kind of person are you with “hemorrhoids”?

Hemorrhoids are a normal structure in our body, so there is no question of “do I have hemorrhoids”. It plays a very important role in our bowel movements. Hemorrhoids are like a soft valve that senses stool, protects the anal sphincter, and closes the anal canal to control rectal contents. With the increase of age and the number of bowel movements, hemorrhoids will gradually change in shape and function, and these changes will produce some symptoms, such as bleeding and prolapse.

According to the relationship between hemorrhoids and the anal dentate line, hemorrhoids can be divided into internal hemorrhoids (above the dentate line) and external hemorrhoids (below the dentate line). Both internal and external hemorrhoids are called mixed hemorrhoids.

02What are the common causes of hemorrhoids?

A variety of causes of venous dilatation and obstruction of the anus can cause hemorrhoids. At present, there are two main theories on the etiology of hemorrhoids:

One is the theory of anal cushion falling. Push down and retract into the anal canal by its own contraction after defecation. After the elastic retraction is weakened, the anal pad becomes congested and moves down to form hemorrhoids.

The other is the varicose vein theory, which believes that the formation of hemorrhoids is related to venous expansion and blood stasis. Constipation, pregnancy, enlarged prostate, giant pelvic tumor, etc.

In addition, long-term drinking and eating a lot of spicy and spicy food can make the local anal mucosa hyperemia; perianal infection can cause periphlebitis, which makes the veins lose elasticity and expand, which may lead to the occurrence of hemorrhoids.

03Self-test, are your hemorrhoids serious?

If you have internal hemorrhoids, you can judge the severity according to the following manifestations.

04 I have hemorrhoids, can I only do it?

NONONO!

In general, asymptomatic hemorrhoids do not require treatment, and symptomatic hemorrhoids focus on reducing or eliminating symptoms, not radical cure. The main treatment methods for hemorrhoids include: general treatment, surgical treatment, injection therapy and rubber band ligation.

General treatment

For the initial stage of hemorrhoids and asymptomatic hemorrhoids, it is only necessary to increase the fibrous food and change the bad hemorrhoids. Stool habits, keep the stool smooth, prevent constipation and diarrhea. Warm saline or potassium permanganate sitz baths can improve local circulation. Thrombosed external hemorrhoids can sometimes be relieved without surgery after local hot compress and external application of anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving drugs. In the early stage of incarcerated hemorrhoids, general treatment can also be used. Gently push the prolapsed hemorrhoids back into the anus by hand to prevent them from protruding again.

Surgical treatment

(1) Hemorrhoidectomy: mainly used for II, III, IV degree internal hemorrhoids and mixed hemorrhoids

(2) Circular resection of hemorrhoids with stapler: It is mainly suitable for Ⅲ, Ⅳ degree internal hemorrhoids, Ⅱ degree internal hemorrhoids and annular hemorrhoids that have failed non-surgical treatment, and rectal mucosal prolapse also Can be used;

(3) Thrombosed external hemorrhoid dissection: for the treatment of thrombosed external hemorrhoids. The skin on the surface of the hemorrhoids was excised in a fusiform shape, the thrombus was removed, and the wound surface was not sutured.

Injection therapy

The effect of treating II and III bleeding internal hemorrhoids is good. The role of injection of sclerosing agent is to produce aseptic inflammatory response in and around hemorrhoids, submucosal tissue fibrosis, and retraction of the anal cushion to fix it on the internal sphincter.

Aprons ligation

It can be used to treat II and III internal hemorrhoids. The principle is to insert a special rubber ring into the root of internal hemorrhoids, and use the elasticity of the rubber ring to block the blood supply of hemorrhoids, causing ischemia and necrosis of hemorrhoids, and a sterile inflammatory reaction occurs, thereby fixing the anal pad.

05How to prevent hemorrhoids?

Keep your mouth shut

Spicy and irritating foods can cause abnormal rectal mucosa Congestion and frequent irritation can trigger hemorrhoids. Therefore, do not eat or eat spicy spicy food (such as barbecue, pepper and wine, etc.), drink more water, eat more vegetables and fruits, and increase the intake of dietary fiber.

Stretch your legs

Office workers, drivers and teachers should pay attention, sedentary and standing for long periods of time will The blood vessels at the bottom of the human pelvis are filled, swollen, and the blood circulation is poor. Over time, varicose veins will form hemorrhoids.

Maintain good defecation habits

Develop regular and timely defecation, avoid prolonged squatting; maintain smooth stools, avoid dry stools, and reduce the behavior of forbearance.

Exercise levator

Exercise levator is a simple and practical functional exercise method, which has the dual effect of preventing and treating perianal diseases. The specific method is as follows: natural breathing or inhalation by raising the anus to close the abdomen, exhaling and relaxing the anus after 2 to 3 seconds. It can be performed in standing, sitting and lying positions.

In addition, warm water sitz baths can also be commonly used to prevent the occurrence of hemorrhoids.

Source: Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Hubei Radio and Television University Health Development Center Graphic Editor: Yuan Jia