Some women may experience some “baldness” problems: obesity, hair loss, menstrual disorders (either not once in a few months, or if they come and go) , Even after trying to get pregnant for a long time, I can’t get pregnant.
In fact, most of this is because of a common female disease – polycystic ovary syndrome.
Polycystic ovary syndrome, often referred to simply as “polycystic” or “polycystic ovary,” is one of the most common gynecological reproductive endocrine disorders in women of childbearing age.
It is an important cause of menstrual irregularities and androgen excess in women, generally appearing from adolescence to early adulthood (teens to twenties), and the incidence is between 5%- 10%.
Some people will think that the B-ultrasound that shows polycystic changes in bilateral ovaries is polycystic ovary syndrome, but this is not the case.
Since it is called a syndrome, it indicates that the disease is a complex of a series of clinical symptoms.
Mainly include amenorrhea, menstrual disorders, oligo-ovulatory or anovulatory, hirsutism, acne, obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism, and polycystic ovarian changes on ultrasound (a collection of small follicles around the ovary) Wait.
The symptoms of PCOS are varied, often centered on ovulatory disturbances, menstrual disturbances, and other manifestations, such as:
Menstrual disorders
Ovulation causes fluctuations in hormone levels in a woman’s body, causing the lining of the uterus to grow and shed regularly, leading to bleeding, also known as menstruation. The core symptom of polycystic ovary syndrome is that women will experience ovulation disorders, which will lead to menstrual disorders.
oligomenorrhea or even amenorrhea: the menstrual cycle is more than 35 days, or even no menstruation for several months (at least three consecutive months);
Irregular, unscheduled, abnormal bleeding due to the inability of the lining of the uterus to shed completely and regularly on a regular basis.
Hyperandrogenism
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome often experience hyperandrogenism that can make daily life difficult, such as:
Facial acne is more frequent;
High oil secretion;
Hyperandrogenemia (increased serum androgen concentration);
Hairy, with increased body hair, which may be found on the upper part of the lips, on the face, around the areola, in the area of the sternum and along the white line of the lower abdomen, in the pubic anus, etc.;
A small number of women also experience clitoral development, hair loss, and more.
Obesity
Because women with polycystic ovary syndrome often have high blood sugar and insulin metabolism disorders at the same time, they may be overweight, obese, have high body fat rate, and have difficulty losing weight. question.
40%-85% of patients are overweight or obese. And thin or obese patients may develop insulin resistance, that is, decreased sensitivity to insulin, hypoglycemia before meals, etc. These will further aggravate ovulation disorders and make menstruation more disordered.
Difficulty trying to conceive
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have ovulation disorders, often unable to release an egg normally for a long time, or unable to predict their ovulation as accurately as women with regular menstruation, so this part of the Women have trouble getting pregnant.
Polycystic ovary
12 or more follicles with a diameter of 2-9mm in each ovary, or an enlarged ovary (>10ml).
It should be reminded that even with the above symptoms, it cannot be diagnosed as polycystic immediately, and it can only be considered as a suspected diagnosis, because there are many other endocrine diseases that may cause similar symptoms Performance.
Therefore, if there is discomfort such as menstrual disorder, you must go to the reproductive department or obstetrics and gynecology department of a regular hospital for diagnosis.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is mainly symptomatic and requires long-term health management due to its unknown etiology.
Intervention Lifestyle Therapy
This treatment is primarily aimed at obese women for weight control and management. You can go to the nutrition department of the hospital for treatment, formulate a targeted personal scientific diet and exercise plan, and reasonably lose weight.
This can not only reduce the aggravation of menstrual disorders caused by excess body fat, but also prevent metabolic diseases (such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, etc.).
In addition, for women with disorders of blood sugar and insulin metabolism, drugs can be used for treatment and weight loss under the guidance of a doctor.
Cycle Adjustment Treatment
This is mainly for women with menstrual disorders, high androgens, and infertility.
For women with severe menstrual disorders and markedly elevated androgen, long-term oral estrogen and progesterone drugs, such as short-acting oral contraceptives Yasmin and Yoseyue, can be prescribed by a doctor.
For women with a long menstrual cycle, the endometrium thickens and does not fall off after examination, and there is no severe hyperandrogenism, it is possible to periodically use a simple progesterone (progesterone) as prescribed by a doctor. , dydrogesterone, etc.), play a role in regular menstruation.
For women with regular menstruation, such as menstruation once every 35-40 days, the symptoms of elevated androgen is not serious, and regular gynecological B-ultrasound does not find abnormal endometrial, nor Drugs may not be used, and regular observation and follow-up is required.
Some women may gradually “heal” after age 35
Some women begin to have regular periods after age 35 and their hair and acne on their face get better. This may be due to a combination of age-induced natural decline in ovarian function, apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells and theca cells, hormones that inhibit follicular development, and decreased androgen secretion.