“A 43-year-old man had a cerebral hemorrhage due to too much force on the toilet”
“Woman Sudden Brain Bleeding After Hot Bath”
“Woman got too excited to play cards all night and had brain hemorrhage”
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Cerebral blood vessels, why are they so fragile? Brain hemorrhage, what’s going on? Is everyone prone to brain hemorrhage?
Brother Dian will talk about this cerebral hemorrhage today.
According to statistics, cerebral hemorrhage accounts for 10% to 20% of all stroke patients, and the mortality rate is as high as 50%[1].
Cerebral hemorrhage mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people aged 50 to 70 [2]. After the onset of the disease, severe cases will lose their ability to live [3].
1. Hypertension is the most common cause of cerebral hemorrhage
It accounts for more than 50% of all patients with cerebral hemorrhage[4].
Cerebral blood vessels have a different structure than blood vessels in other parts of the body. The blood vessel wall itself is thinner, and the cerebrovascular wall itself is more fragile in patients with hypertension.
When blood pressure rises suddenly, small arteries in the brain can rupture, causing a brain hemorrhage.
When blood pressure rises sharply due to emotional agitation, cold weather, forced defecation, breath-holding, etc., the hardened and weak blood vessels are more likely to rupture, and a cerebral hemorrhage occurs like this .
2. Second, there is a clear etiology
Such as aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, trauma, etc.
Of course, that doesn’t mean everyone’s brain blood vessels are prone to rupture. In addition to high blood pressure, there are other conditions that can easily induce cerebral hemorrhage.
For example: the older you are, the weaker the cerebral blood vessels themselves; people with diabetes, long-term smoking and drinking [5], the blood vessels are also more fragile.
Intracerebral hemorrhage is a rupture of a blood vessel in the brain and the formation of a hematoma of various sizes in the brain parenchyma.
It’s like when we bump our heads and get a “big bag” on our head, only this happens in the head.
However, the “bumps” formed by bleeding in the brain don’t go away on their own, they can also press on the brain tissue.
The brain is the most advanced part of the human nervous system. Every word, deed, and various physical activities come from this command center.If a certain part is forced, some functions will be lost in light, and life will be lost in heavy.
Brain haemorrhages often occur very suddenly, and you need to go to the hospital as soon as possible when you have the following symptoms:
Very severe headache accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and even neck and back pain;
Sudden numbness, weakness, and crooked mouth;
Suddenly feel that I can’t speak, or speak very vaguely, others can’t understand, my eyes are sore, and I can’t see clearly;
Suddenly feeling dizzy, then fainting, having disturbances of consciousness and drowsiness.
When you meet someone with the above symptoms, in addition to calling 120 in time, you can do these things to help:
Keep the patient quiet;
Reduce unnecessary movement;
Turn your head slightly to one side to prevent aspiration of oral secretions from blocking the trachea, keep the airway open, and wait for the ambulance to arrive.
These active pre-hospital first aid can maintain the stability of the patient’s vital signs, ensure the unobstructed airway, and lay a good foundation for subsequent in-hospital first aid[6].
Finally, it’s still a common topic, preventing cerebral hemorrhage in cold weather, remember these 6 points:
1. Regularly measure blood pressure and do daily monitoring;
2. Don’t overwork, combine work and rest;
3. Avoid getting too emotional;
4. Quit smoking and drinking;
5. Avoid straining to defecate;
6. It is not advisable to get up early to exercise in cold weather[7].
Contributing Author: Park Bing-da
Residence in Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University
Reviewer: Tian Hong
Chief Physician of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
References
[1]Zhao JL, Du ZY, Sun YR, et al. Intensive blood pressure control reduces the risk of progressive hemorrhage in patients with acute hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage: A retrospective observational study [J] . Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2019, 180: 1-6.
[2]Zhu]n, Mo Xiaohong. The clinical research progress of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage[J]. Chinese and Foreign Medical Research, 2010, 8(22):2.
[3] Surgical treatment of spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage, Zhou Liangfu. Modern Neurosurgery. Shanghai Fudan University Press. 2015, 1004
[4]Li W, Sun Q, Duan X, et al. [Etiologies and risk factors for young people with intracerebral hemorrhage] [J]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban , 2018, 43(11): 1246-1250.
[5] Cai Xiaowei. Research progress on etiology and related mechanisms of cerebral hemorrhage [J]. Journal of Clinical Medical, 2017,4: 2.
[6] Cong Shengjin. Analysis of the effect of pre-hospital first aid on the treatment effect and prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage [J]. Contemporary Medicine, 2021,27: 2.
[7] Zhao Huilian, Liu Yanqing. Treatment guidelines and clinical status of cerebral hemorrhage [J]. Cardiovascular Disease Journal of integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, 2019,7: 1.
Editors: Guo Qian, Wu Jiaxiang, Ye Zhengxing | Artist: Hai
Typesetting: Han Ningning | Proofreading: Wu Yihe
Operation: Li Yongmin | Coordinator: Wu Wei