Hot, hot, hot, Recently, there have been many heat waves in China. As the heat continues, #heatstroke#topics< span> Rush to the top of the hot search list.
Recently, many people have been diagnosed with heat stroke in many parts of the country. Once heat stroke occurs, the fatality rate is extremely high. The key to reducing heat stroke mortality is prevention.
Hubei Disease Control Reminder: Beware of heat stroke in hot weather.
I. What isheat stroke
Heat stroke is the most severe form of heat-related emergency, or severe heat stroke, caused by exposure to heat and humidity The imbalance of the body’s regulation function, the heat production is greater than the heat dissipation, resulting in a rapid increase in the core temperature, exceeding 40 ℃, accompanied by skin burning, disturbance of consciousness (such as delirium, convulsions, coma) and multiple organ dysfunction. A serious and fatal disease, it is the most serious and fatal disease of heat stroke. serious type. According to the different causes and susceptible groups, heat stroke can be divided into exertional heat stroke and non-exertional heat stroke (also known as classic heat stroke). II. Who is easy Heat Stroke These two groups of people are prone to HS: People who work in high temperature, high humidity environment, exercise, etc.; Elderly people, children, mothers, etc. Third, heat stroke What are the common symptoms of The common symptoms of heat stroke are: 1. Increased body temperature: increased body temperature is the main feature of heat stroke. The core body temperature of the patients is mostly above 40°C. 2. Symptoms of the central nervous system: dysfunction of the central nervous system is the main feature of heat stroke, and severe damage can occur in the early stage, manifested as: delirium, lethargy, seizures, coma, etc.; Other neurological abnormalities, including bizarre behavior, hallucinations, opisthotonos, and decerebral rigidity. Some patients may have long-term central nervous system damage in the later stage, mainly manifested as inattention, memory loss, cognitive impairment, language impairment, ataxia, etc. 3. Other symptoms: headache, nausea, skin redness, increased skin temperature, rapid breathing, rapid heart rate, muscle cramps or weakness. 4. First aid treatmentHeat stroke may be life-threatening. People should help to call the emergency number. 1. Transfer the patient to to lie down in a cool and ventilated place, and unbutton the underwear to facilitate the patient’s breathing and heat dissipation. 2. Cool the patient quickly. Such as use wet towels, ice packs, ice cubes, fans to help cool the patient. 3. The muscles of patients with heat stroke may experience involuntary twitching. When this happens, avoid the patient from hurting himself. Do not put anything in the patient’s mouth and do not attempt to give the patient water. If the patient vomits, turn the patient on their side to ensure that the airway is clear and avoid aspiration. V. How to prevent heat stroke
The occurrence of heat stroke and environmental factors, individual factors and Physical activity is closely related, so the prevention of heat stroke should also be considered from these three aspects.
classical heat stroke prevention mainly emphasizes environmental and individual factors, while exertional heat stroke Prevention mainly emphasizes the training factor.
Prevention of classic heat stroke
< strong>Pay attention to the weather forecast and avoid outdoor activities in hot and humid weather. Pay attention to the living environment, use air conditioners to reduce indoor temperature; change clothes in time; pay attention to drinking more water to avoid dehydration.
Prevention of labor-induced heat stroke /strong>
For special types of people, in addition to taking protective measures, they also need:
Hot suit training:Heat acclimatization training is a well-established measure to improve individual heat resistance. Before entering a hot area from a cold or warm area, or before high-intensity work in the early summer of each year, heat acclimation training should be carried out. The ambient temperature of hot acclimation training should be from low to high, avoiding extreme hot weather.
Scheduled work and rest breaks: When scheduling work, try to avoid During the period of high temperature, the continuous working time in the high temperature environment is shortened. Reasonable rest arrangements and adequate sleep can relax the brain and body systems, which are important measures to prevent heat stroke.
Rehydration at work: Hydration at work is very important, and weight loss exceeds 2 % prone to heat stroke.
Pay attention to monitoring at work: If you look pale, Flushing, mental/behavioral abnormalities, conscious physical discomfort, etc., measure body temperature in a timely manner. Once it is found that the temperature exceeds 39°C, stop work, quickly cool down, and make plans after the body temperature returns to normal.
Source: Central Health Education Institute span>
Reviewer:Central Infectious Disease Control Institute< /span>
Editor: Center for Health Education
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