At present, there are 1.4 billion myopia patients in the world, and there are as many as 600 million myopia patients in my country. Usually myopia within 300 degrees is mild myopia, 300-600 degrees is moderate myopia, and more than 600 degrees is high myopia. There is now a consensus in the medical community that high myopia has been listed as one of the most important causes of blindness. Therefore, people with myopia must consciously control the growth of their myopia, pay attention to eye hygiene, and do not develop into high myopia.
What are the complications of high myopia?
There are four major complications of high myopia: retinal detachment, macular degeneration, glaucoma and cataracts.
The eyeball is divided into three layers, the first layer is the sclera, the middle layer is the choroid, and the innermost layer is the retina. The function of the retina is to sense light. After the light enters the eye, the retina converts the light source into electric waves and transmits it to our brain, so that we will perceive the light.
Retinal detachment: The normal eyeball is shaped like an apple, but as myopia increases, the patient’s eyeball stretches out and becomes a sliver. In high myopia, the retina changes from a dense structure to a gauze-like structure, and some water will penetrate into it, gradually tearing off the retina, interrupting the supply of nutrients, and losing the function of vision.
Maculopathy: The macula contains very dense photoreceptor cells, located in the very center of the retina. In high myopia, the retina becomes thinner, resulting in the inability of the choroid to provide nutrients to the macula, and ischemia and hypoxia will produce choroidal neovascularization, leading to lesions.
Glaucoma: The pathogenesis of glaucoma has not yet been confirmed by medicine, but most of this disease has high intraocular pressure, ocular The performance of swelling and eye pain, and the field of view will become narrower and narrower.
Cataracts: For people with high myopia, the age of developing cataracts will advance to forty or fifty years old. Cataracts occur in the lens, which is cloudy and blocks light, resulting in hazy vision.
Special reminder, there are two criteria for blindness: one is below 0.05 on the visual acuity chart; the other is less than 5 degrees of visual field. The three diseases of retinal detachment, macular degeneration and cataract should be detected and treated as soon as possible. The visual field loss of glaucoma is irreversible, and rapid treatment can control the visual field loss.
Suggestive symptoms of blinding eye disease
Feeling distorted and cloudy vision, shadows occluded, more shadows, and objects fluttering When symptoms such as aggravation and flashing sensation occur, you need to seek medical attention in time.
Can UV light prevent myopia?
Ultraviolet rays do not prevent myopia, but more sun exposure can. When exposed to sunlight, the human body will produce retinal dopamine and other components, which can make the sclera harder, and the retina is not easy to grow and thin.
Is unhealthy spine the culprit of myopia?
This statement is not accurate. Under the normal physiological curvature of the spine with a slight tilt of the head, the veins, central nerves, and vertebral arteries in the spinal canal are the most unobstructed. Prolonged bowing of the head and high fatigue of the cervical spine will lead to insufficient blood supply to the brain, visual dizziness, blurred vision, swollen eyes, and dizziness, but it will not cause myopia.
What causes myopia?
Little outdoor activities
Working, studying in environments with too much or too little light
lack of sleep
Lying and reading
Excessive use of electronic products
Sleeping with the light on
Special reminder: study electronic products, no more than 4 hours a day; entertainment Electronic products, no more than 2 hours a day. The “202020” rule for eye protection: After using your eyes for 20 minutes, look 20 feet (5 meters) away for 20 seconds.
(Source: Xinhua News Agency)
[Editor: Yao Hao]
[Source: Xinhua News Agency]