“Mr Shen Du, I feel flustered and have bleeding gums. Is it aplastic anemia?”
“Mr Shen Du, I heard that aplastic anemia cannot be cured at all. , is it true?”
What should be checked for aplastic anemia? What should be the treatment? Is bone marrow transplant reliable?
The question is in your heart, and the answer is in the hands of the deep reader. Shen Du Jun has already bathed and changed his clothes, fragrantly waiting for you.
The deep reading blockbuster “Aplastic Anemia Investigation and Treatment” is on the air!
Inspection
Physical exam
Doctors get relevant information by asking, such as what you have been taking recentlyDrugs, whether there is radiationrisk, Whether relativeshave aplastic anemia, etc.
Look againskin colorpale, presentbleeds, etc. Combined with the inquiry, a preliminary diagnosis of aplastic anemia can be made.
Routine blood test
A blood test is a blood test to seethe number of blood cells.
If blood is detectederythrocytes, leukocytesand PlateletsThe levels of these three types of blood cells were decreased, suggesting that it may be aplastic anemia and needs further examination.
Bone marrow aspiration
Bone marrow aspiration is obtained by aspiration< strong>Bone marrow fluid, a test for laboratory analysis.
After selecting the puncture point, it must be sterilizedand local anesthesia, and then puncture, extract bone marrow fluid, The bone marrow fluid was observed under a microscope.
If there is a significant decrease in the number of cells associated with hematopoiesis There is a high chance of anemia.
Bone marrow biopsy
Bone marrow biopsy is a kind of examination that is obtained by puncturebiopsy of bone marrow, and then pathologically analyzed.
This test can learn a variety of myeloid cells. Hematopoietic cell reduction, interstitial edema, etc., are the real hammers for the diagnosis of aplastic anemia.
Therapy
Promoting hematopoiesis
androgensyes Basic hematopoietic drugs are also one of the first-choice treatment drugs for aplastic anemia.
androgenspromotedhematopoietic stem cells strong>produce moreerythrocytes to relieveinsufficiency of red blood cells strong>The symptoms of anemia caused.
Red blood cellsMore, can ensure blood oxygen transport, so that all tissues and organs will not be affected byischemia and hypoxia, resulting in greater harm.
transfusion therapy
Blood transfusion therapy is through blood transfusion, airborne a batch of blood cells, temporary relief Anemia, bleeding and other symptoms.
Of course, long-term blood transfusion therapy can easily lead to iron overload, so it is necessary to simultaneously Give iron removal therapy.
Iron treatment
After red blood cells die, hemoglobin is broken down and released < /span>Iron, amino acids, and bilirubin.
Normally, ironand Amino acidsare reused to make new red blood cells.
large amounts of inputerythrocytesdead, releasing large amounts ofIron.
Blood transfusions inhibit red blood cell production, so far more iron is released than is utilized, and excess iron is deposited in < strong>heart, liver, pancreasand other tissues and organs, this is iron overload< span>.
Iron overloadSevere organ failure, which can be life-threatening.
Iron removal therapyreduces the amount of iron in the body by taking medicines.
After medication, the medication can bind to excess iron and pass through urine Or fecesexcreted to reduce iron deposition.
Commonly used iron-removing drugs aredeferoxamine, deferiprone, deferasirox etc.
immunosuppression
Some aplastic anemias are caused by a malfunction of the own immune systemby mistakenly attacking their ownBone marrow cellscaused.
Immunosuppressantscan suppressthe immune system< /strong>reduces the function ofthe immune systemtohematopoietic stem cells attack, thereby saving morehematopoietic stem cellsto produce blood cells for therapeutic purposes.
Commonly used drugs areantithymoglobulin, antilymphocyte globulin, cyclosporine< span> etc.
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently the only treatment that can completely cure aplastic anemia.
by chemoor < span>Radiation“destroys” the patient’s hematopoietic function, and then restores normal span>Hematopoietic stem cellstransplanted into patients to restore normal hematopoietic function, and finally achieve the purpose of treatment.
After the treatment, the topic of “Aplastic Anemia” will come to an end.
Shen Du Jun never stops on the road of health science popularization, Shen Du Jun will bring you, you will bring more people, see you in the next topic!
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