Diabetes is very common among middle-aged and elderly people, but the “proliferation” of the disease has not raised everyone’s awareness of diabetes. Many people with diabetes think that it is enough to control blood sugar to control diabetes. This one-sided cognition makes many people with diabetes ignore other aspects of examination and treatment.
In fact, diabetes, as an endocrine and metabolic disease, affects all aspects of the body of people with diabetes , of which the kidneys are one of the main targets of hyperglycemia. An article published by Peking University First Hospital in the authoritative medical journal NEJM stated: In China, about 21.3% of diabetic patients have chronic kidney disease. This data sounded the alarm of “protecting the kidneys” for diabetic patients.
Inconspicuous early signals
The pathogenesis of patients with diabetic nephropathy is generally as follows: 5 steps:
Stage I: renal hypertrophy, glomerular ultrafiltration, but no obvious pathological damage
Stage II: albumin Normal urine, proteinuria and hypertension may occur
Stage III: early diabetic nephropathy with persistent microalbuminuria
< strong>Stage IV: Clinical diabetic nephropathy, proteinuria gradually increases, edema and hypertension appear
Diabetic nephropathy is the same as other types of chronic kidney disease. The symptoms of early diabetic nephropathy patients are neither typical nor conspicuous, except for proteinuria, mostly fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, Frequent urination, edema, increased nocturia, loss of appetite, skin itching and other symptoms that are not very directed.
Ordinary people who lack medical knowledge can easily take it as a reminder of other diseases and miss the best time for treatment.
There are three mornings for sugar friends to protect the kidneys
1. Early detection: take a look at the urine when you go to the toilet
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The onset of early kidney disease is insidious, but that doesn’t mean it’s invisible. Observing the color and shape of urine can help us detect kidney abnormalities.
In color, the urine is soy sauce-colored or dark brown, which may be caused by blood in the urine;
In terms of shape, urine is foamy and persists for a long time ( About 30 minutes of standing), mostly caused by excessive proteinuria…
If any of the above conditions are found, you should go to the hospital to check the kidney function.
2. Early prevention: check urine routine once a year
Diabetes people belong to the high-risk group of kidney disease. In addition, early kidney disease is generally only detected through equipment testing to detect physical abnormalities.
In view of its hidden characteristics, the authoritative guidelines for diabetic nephropathy recommend:
Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension with a course of more than 5 years Patients, should have urine albumin and glomerular filtration rate testing at least once a year.
Regular screening at the hospital is of great significance for diabetics to prevent and detect diabetic nephropathy.
3. Early treatment: drug selection should focus on the “kidney”
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There is currently no specific treatment for diabetic nephropathy. In addition to lifestyle intervention, the treatment is mainly to prevent the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy through blood sugar control, kidney protection and other drugs.
According to the different stages of diabetic nephropathy, the hypoglycemic drugs recommended by doctors also change, but the first choice must be drugs with renal protection, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP- 1) Receptor agonists or glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, one drug has double effects, which is beneficial to stabilize the condition of patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Diabetic nephropathy is a complication that every diabetic should be vigilant about. I hope everyone can effectively protect the kidneys in the “three early days” and “kill” diabetic nephropathy in the cradle.