｜Planning/Editing: cici Editor in charge: Jeing&Yayun
Review: Li Yun
You may have heard a saying: Nails are the barometer of the body. Once something abnormal happens to the nails, many friends may not be able to sit still.
No, there are a lot of small friends in the backstage recently leaving messages, what should I do about wrinkled nails, pitted nails and so on.
While this may not sound like a big problem, there are quite a few people with these conditions. So I will open a special issue of Xiaohua today, and tell you what to do if there are wrinkles or dents on the nails?
Wrinkled nails
Let’s talk about it first, the nails are wrinkled, including longitudinal ridge, longitudinal fissure, longitudinal groove and transverse nail, etc. several situations.
A longitudinal ridge
If you notice vertical lines on your nails, you probably have a longitudinal ridge. The disease is generally asymptomatic.
●Symptoms
A longitudinal ridge is specifically expressed on the nail plate, and there will be linear longitudinal stripes of varying shades, one or more not wait. Mostly occurs in thumb and forefinger, and longitudinal ridge and longitudinal sulcus sometimes coexist.
●Causes and mechanisms
The disease is usually due to nail dystrophy, most people due to vitamins or calcium strong> caused by malabsorption.
Lichen planus, chronic eczema, alopecia areata, hypothyroidism, and peripheral circulatory disturbances can also be caused.
As mentioned earlier, when the nails are affected by lichen gloss, symptoms such as onychomycosis, longitudinal ridges, and increased longitudinal striations can also occur .
A longitudinal ridge may also develop if nail polish is applied regularly. Because some pigments, solvents and penetration enhancers in nail polish, such as ethanol, benzene, ketones, etc., will damage the nail plate if used for a long time.
A longitudinal fissure
●Symptoms
A longitudinal fissure of the nail, also known as a longitudinal nail plate, is a clinical manifestation of the nail plate splitting longitudinally. If this happens, there may be thin or brittle armor.
ThumbsNails Longitudinal fissures are common and can be seen in other nails. The direction of longitudinal fissure is from front to back, and some longitudinal fissures are wide in front and narrow in back, and are wedge-shaped.
The longitudinal fissure can be simultaneous with the longitudinal groove or the longitudinal ridge. Except for occasional pain, there are generally no symptoms.
●Causes and mechanisms
There are many reasons for longitudinal fissure, some systemic diseases and skin diseases may cause longitudinal fissure. Such as Raynaud’s disease, liver disease, iron deficiency anemia, vitamin deficiency, diabetes, scleroderma, alopecia areata, congenital syphilis, psoriasis, lichen planus, etc.
In addition, trauma, long-term exposure to water, alternating wet and dry environments, and brittle nails can also cause longitudinal cracks.
A longitudinal groove
Compared to longitudinal fissures, longitudinal grooves develop from longitudinal striations to longitudinal fissures.
The cause may be some diseases, such as lichen linearis, lichen planus, subungual warts, nail dystrophy, or chemical or Mechanical deck damage.
Nail groove
●Symptoms
Nails with vertical stripes will have horizontal grooves. Some people have a transverse, concave groove on their nails, a condition also known as Beau’s lines.
●Causes and mechanisms
The transversely concave groove line may be caused by a temporary block in the formation of the deck protein. Occasionally, zinc deficiency, hyperthyroidism, and pregnancy can also occur.
Dimpled nails
●Symptoms
Nail pits are the result of defects in the formation of nails in the nail matrix. Punctual pits appear on the surface of the nail plate, generally the size of a pinhead.
●Causes and mechanisms
Deep thimble-like depressions are most common in psoriasis, while alopecia areata-caused pits are less common. The dots are arranged in regular rows.
If it is an irregular, larger pit, it may be due to eczema, tinea pedis or lichen planus on the hand and other reasons. Some cases of nail pits may be related to genetics.
How should prevention be treated?
For the above diseases, if there are generally no symptoms, no treatment is required. However, if the changes in the nails are caused by certain diseases, the first disease causing the nail lesions should be treated first.
At the same time, due to the relationship between nail polish and nail polish, malnutrition can also cause these symptoms. Therefore, in your daily diet, you should pay attention to pay attention to a balanced diet. Do as little manicure as possible and use less low-quality nail polish.
The change of nails will reflect the health of the body. If you want to have healthy and shiny nails, you must take good care of your nails in your daily life, and you must also change the habit of biting your nails~
The popular science about nail folds or pits is here. If you have other health questions, Welcome to leave a message~
[References]
[1] Editor-in-chief Zhao Bian. Chinese Clinical Dermatology 2nd Edition [M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, 2017.04.
[2] William. D, James et al. Andrews Clinical Dermatology. 11th Edition [M]. Beijing Science Press, 2014.