內容目錄
March 4 is International HPV Awareness Day. HPV is the human papillomavirus, which is so important because infection with HPV can lead to cervical cancer. According to statistics, in 2020, the number of new cases of cervical cancer in women worldwide will be 604,000, and the number of deaths will be 342,000. The incidence and mortality of cervical cancer rank fourth among women in the world. Fortunately, cervical cancer is currently the only cancer with a clear cause, and HPV infection can be prevented by vaccination, thereby reducing the probability of cervical cancer.
Experts recommend that women aged 9 to 26 should be given the HPV vaccine first, especially before the age of 17 and the first sexual intercourse to maximize the benefits; at the same time, women aged 27 to 45 who are eligible are recommended to be vaccinated with HPV vaccine.
However, there is a dizzying variety of news on the Internet about how to choose this needle. In order to make female friends HPV vaccine clear, reporters from Science and Technology Daily interviewed relevant experts to bring you authoritative interpretations.
Bivalent vaccine can play a preventive role
Currently, the HPV vaccines approved for marketing in my country include two bivalent vaccines, one quadrivalent vaccine and A nine-valent vaccine. The appropriate age for the bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines is 9 to 45 years old, and the appropriate age for the 9-valent HPV vaccine is 16 to 26 years old. All 4 vaccines require 3 shots, which should be completed within 6 months.
Experts said that there are 14 high-risk HPV types that cause cervical cancer, of which the most common types are 16 and 18, which can cause about 70% of cervical cancers. The bivalent vaccine prevents HPV16 and 18 types; the quadrivalent vaccine increases the prevention of HPV6 and 11 low-risk viruses on the basis of the bivalent; the 9-valent vaccine is based on the quadrivalent vaccine. The prevention of HPV31, 33, 45, 52, and 58 can prevent 90% of cervical cancers.
“Many female friends see that the HPV vaccine is divided into bivalent, quadrivalent, and ninevalent, and they begin to wonder which is better to vaccinate.” Member of the Standing Committee of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Tianjin Medical University Xue Fengxia, chief physician of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the General Hospital, said in an interview with a reporter from Science and Technology Daily, “The main causes of cervical cancer are HPV types 16 and 18. In fact, vaccination with bivalent vaccine can play a preventive role. To choose the corresponding vaccine, there is no need to blindly wait for more prices, and there is no need to worry too much about the price. The sooner the vaccine is given, the better. /p>
The protection period of the vaccine may exceed 10 years
Since the launch of the HPV vaccine in 2006, long-term follow-up studies have confirmed that the protective efficacy of the HPV vaccine can last up to 10 years , and showed a 12-year conservation trend.
Xue Fengxia said, however, how long the immune protection can be maintained after the final HPV vaccine is not completely clear, and further follow-up observation and further scientific research are needed.
Cervical cancer screening is best before vaccination
If you have been regularly screened for cervical cancer before HPV vaccination If there are no abnormal screening results, there is no need for specific cervical cancer screening (including HPV testing or cervical cytology screening) before vaccination. If you have not received regular cervical cancer screening before HPV vaccination, cervical cancer screening is recommended. If you have abnormal screening results, you should consult a doctor for colposcopy and other corresponding tests.
“It should be noted that vaccination with HPV vaccine does not mean that you will be free from cervical cancer for life. The majority of female friends still need to undergo regular cervical cancer screening to detect other HPV subtypes not included in the vaccine in a timely manner. Type infection and related diseases caused by it, so as to achieve early detection and early treatment.” Xue Fengxia emphasized.
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