The “red birthmark” that appears after the baby is born usually has two possibilities, hemangioma or vascular malformation. These two are common skin diseases in babies. The incidence of hemangioma is about 4%, and the incidence of vascular malformation is higher, especially the incidence of the most common salmon stain can reach 20%, and Most appear after the baby is born or a few weeks after birth.
These two “red birthmarks” are so similar in color that many people can’t tell them apart. In fact, vascular malformations and hemangiomas are two completely different lesions with completely different clinical manifestations, course and outcomes.
Hemangiomas are usually absent at birth, appear after birth and grow rapidly. This is a benign tumor that is an abnormal proliferation of the vascular endothelium.
(The picture comes from the Internet)
Some hemangiomas will regress on their own, but most begin to regress by age 2, and by age 5, half of the hemangiomas will disappear. If it doesn’t go away by the age of 10, it basically doesn’t go away.
Hemangioma basically does not affect bone development and rarely causes coagulation dysfunction. Therefore, whether hemangioma needs treatment and how to treat it, you need to go to a regular hospital for diagnosis and treatment, and you should not listen to folk remedies or what others say. It doesn’t matter without treatment.
Vascular malformation is abnormal development of blood vessels, some blood flow is slow, some blood flow is fast, because of blood supply and other reasons, the bones will be deformed and thinned. If the endothelium is damaged, it can lead to coagulation dysfunction. This is a congenital disease. Birthmarks present at birth, commonly known as “brought out of the fetus”, develop abnormally in blood vessels during embryonic development, and are not directly related to pregnant women.
So the vascular malformation doesn’t go away on its own. And as the child grows and grows, it will seriously affect the physical function and cause soreness in the affected area. Therefore, for young children with vascular malformations, the earlier the treatment, the better.
Vascular malformations are divided into capillary malformations, venous malformations, lymphatic malformations, and arteriovenous malformations. The symptoms and complications of each vascular malformation are different, and the treatment methods are also different.
Capillary malformations manifest with red-orange spots, port-wine stains, and congenital varicose veins.
Orange-red spots are benign capillary malformations that do not get worse. The incidence rate of newborns is 60%-70%. The orange-red spots on the neck are called guan kiss lines, and those on the forehead have a nice name, called angel kisses. The angel’s kiss fades in about a year, but the stork’s kiss doesn’t.
Port-wine stains can grow anywhere on the body, but are more common on the face or limbs. They are pink when the child is born, and then gradually darken as the child grows. It thickens and even turns black in adulthood.
Children with port-wine stains should be examined carefully, especially those with multiple port-wine stains, which may accompany multiple syndromes, such as ipsilateral meninges, Cerebral cortex, ocular vascular malformation, known as Sturge-Weber syndrome.
(The picture comes from the Internet)
Congenital varicose veins, also known as congenital telangiectatic marbled skin, are telangiectasias. Appears as a localized, reticulated erythema, resembling a reticulated stocking, usually on the arms and legs.
Be careful when this disease occurs, because it is often accompanied by other symptoms, such as muscle and skeletal deformities, coarctation of the aorta, venous stenosis and other problems. As the vascular network changes, the affected part of the limb will atrophy.
Therefore, if it is just an orange-red spot, it may subside in about a year, just observe; if it is a port-wine stain and congenital telangiectatic marble-like skin, go to the hospital for skin care Department consultation to avoid other lesions, early detection and early treatment.
Venous malformations are essentially dilated endothelial cells and enlarged blood vessels that make up the veins.
Vinous malformations generally occur in the head and neck or maxillofacial region. The predilection locations vary in depth. The superficial parts are blue or purple papules and nodules, and the deeper parts are only pale blue protrusions. Venous malformations can cause deformation of the underlying bones, close to the joints, causing inconvenience in movement and requiring prompt medical treatment.
Lymphatic malformations are developmental abnormalities in the formation of lymphatic vessels. This type of malformation prevents lymphatic vessels from connecting to other lymphatic vessels or veins.
Lymphatic malformations are divided into microcystic and macrocystic types, which increase with age and usually occur in the head and neck.
Laser ablation and sclerotherapy are available.
An arteriovenous malformation is a rare disorder in which arteries connect directly to veins without passing through capillaries. It usually occurs in the digestive tract and brain, and can be treated surgically.
Now medical technology is more and more developed, whether it is hemangioma or vascular malformation, it can be improved or cured through drug treatment or surgical treatment, parents must have a positive and optimistic attitude, and children We will overcome physical diseases together and accompany children to grow up healthily and happily.