Medical examination is something that many people do every year, because many diseases must be done every year. found on physical examination.
For example, polyps are a common one. Since polyps are excrescences that appear on the mucous membranes, many patients will unconsciously associate polyps with Cancer is linked.
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But from a scientific point of view, polyps are raised growths on the mucosa, usually benign lesions , As long as there is a mucosal site, polyps are likely to grow. Such as intestinal polyps, gastric polyps, nasal polyps, etc. are common diseases.
Today, let’s take a look at what parts are prone to polyps? Which ones are irrelevant and which ones are cancerous?
colon polypsBe careful if the diameter is greater than 2 cm
Eating hot pot, pickled products and other irritating foods for a long time, or often Eating some high-fat, high-protein foods is “too rich in nutrients”, and the surface of the intestinal mucosa will wrinkle, forming a fixed shape and unable to retract it, thus forming a polyp state.
Most patients with intestinal polyps are asymptomatic and often suffer from other complications such as abdominal pain and intestinal intussusception caused by intussusception bleeding. A small number of patients with intestinal polyps may also experience symptoms such as abdominal distension, changes in bowel habits, and blood in the stool.
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▲What kind of colon polyps are prone to cancer?
Clinically long villous polyps have a high probability of canceration, up to 30%. Also, multiple shots are a little more dangerous than single shots.
Some patients have a lot of polyps, just like algae on the bottom of the sea. This kind of polyp is familial, there are children, and there are more than 30 age, the risk of cancer is very high.
Single polyps are small and have a smooth surface. Polyps with peduncles are generally benign and can be observed temporarily or surgery can be used Clipping out polyps greatly reduces the risk of cancer.
Multiple, close to the intestinal wall, and more than 2 cm in diameter, often with high risk of malignant transformation
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Gastric polypsdiameter greater than 2 cm to be removed
Gastric polyps usually do not cause uncomfortable symptoms, and a small number of patients may present with symptoms related to the digestive system. Larger polyps in the pylorus of the stomach, for example, may cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
Most of the adenomatous polyps that occur in the gastric antrum are at high risk of canceration. The polyps that occur in the lower part of the gastric body are mostly benign polyps, and the possibility of canceration is small.
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▲What gastric polyps need to be removed?< /span>
Single polyps less than 1 cm in diameter can be temporarily observed. If Helicobacter pylori is also combined, it is necessary to Prompt treatment.
Gastric polyps larger than 2 cm in diameter, numerous in number, lying on their stomach, and multiple gastric polyps, It needs to be removed in time.
Gallbladder polyps Larger polyps are more likely to become cancerous
A gallbladder polyp smaller than 1 cm is generally unlikely to be uncomfortable on its own, but it may indicate the presence of No inflammation or stones found on ultrasound.
For gallbladder bladder polyps, the larger the polyp , the higher the risk of cancer.
▲Which situations require prompt surgical treatment?
If the gallbladder polyp is less than 1cm, it can be reviewed after half a year. At present, it is generally accepted in medicine that patients with gallbladder polyps do not need oral drugs, and as long as they have any of the following, laparoscopic cholecystectomy must be performed as soon as possible.
• Maximum diameter of polyps is greater than or equal to 1cm, especially single polyps;
• The maximum diameter of the polyp is less than or equal to 1cm, but it grows rapidly in the short term;
• Gallbladder polyp complicated with chronic cholecystitis.
Uterine polypsSmall polyps can be monitored regularly asymptomatically
People who have been stimulated by chronic cervicitis for a long time are prone to cervical polyps.
Single polyps or smaller polyps are generally asymptomatic. Some patients mainly present with abnormal uterine bleeding, such as a small amount of bleeding between menstrual periods, postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, and prolonged menstrual periods.
Small uterine polyps, asymptomatic polyps can be monitored regularly. If you have multiple polyps, or polyps larger than 1 cm in size, try to remove them surgically.
Whether cervical polyps will become cancerous, although it has not been confirmed that there is a causal relationship between cervical erosion, cervical polyps and cervical cancer, for cervical cancer. Active treatment is necessary for women with chronic cervical inflammation.
Nasal polypsMultiple nasal polyps with bleeding and early removal< /strong>
Nasal polyps usually grow on the mucous membranes of the nasal passages, and often have symptoms of nasal congestion and runny nose. Some patients may also experience hearing loss and sense of smell. Decreased, facial pain and other symptoms.
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Nasal polyps are basically inflammatory polyps, and very few can become cancerous. Single, small nasal polyps can be mainly treated with drugs; multiple nasal polyps accompanied by bleeding need to be surgically removed as soon as possible.
vocal polypshoarseness for more than 2 weeks Note
Vocal cord polyps are relatively common in clinical practice, and the etiology is still unclear. May be related to chronic inappropriate vocalization, chronic adverse stimulation, or chronic inflammation.
Hoarseness, the degree of hoarseness varies with the size and location of the polyp. In mild cases, only slight changes in voice, and in severe cases, hoarseness is obvious or even difficult to pronounce , there is no strong discomfort.
▲What kind of vocal cord polyps need surgery?
In the event of hoarseness, foreign body sensation in the throat, dry itchy and sore throat, it is recommended to go to the hospital for a fibrolaryngoscopy to confirm the diagnosis. Surgery to remove.
This condition is more likely to become cancerous
Most polyps All are benign, Gastrointestinal polyps may be more closely related to cancer.
Even adenomatous Polyps (as mentioned earlier, this type of polyps has a higher risk of cancer), it takes 10 years to evolve into cancer, so don’t panic.
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But such high-risk groups—those with a family history of gastrointestinal cancer, must be wary of polyps, because their polyps are more likely to become cancerous.
Familial polyposis has 3 characteristics:
1multiple Sexual The number of adenomas is generally more than 100, and can be as many as 5000.2< strong>PleomorphicAdenomas vary in size, ranging from a few millimeters to over 5 cm. There are both broad-based and pedunculated. Grossly, there are smooth surfaces. , also have lobulated surface, and irregular polyps. There can be several polyps of different shapes at the same time.3< strong>The probability of canceration is relatively highfamilial polyposis is a recognized precancerous lesion, if not treated in time, it is very likely to develop cancer.The precancerous course of the disease The length varies, with an average of 10 years. This does not mean that every adenoma will become cancerous, but that in many adenomas one or more of them become cancerous.
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