Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder in which dysphagia is caused by food retention due to poor relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and loss of esophageal motility , reflux, chest pain and weight loss and other clinical symptoms. Painless dysphagia is the most common and earliest symptom of this disease, and this dysphagia is generally intermittent rather than progressive. At the same time, there are symptoms such as retrosternal pain and reflux. The diagnosis needs to be combined with clinical symptoms, esophageal barium meal, electronic gastroscope and esophageal manometry.
In terms of treatment measures: 1. For medical treatment, it is advisable to eat small meals frequently, chew the diet carefully, and avoid excessive heat and cold and irritating diet. Commonly used drugs include calcium channel blockers (CCBs), nitrates and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. The mechanism of drug treatment is to reduce the LES pressure in the short term; 2. Esophageal dilation therapy balloon dilation has a certain effect on achalasia, but requires multiple treatments and has the risk of serious complications; 3. POEM surgery ( Peroral endoscopic esophageal sphincterotomy), currently endoscopic treatment can be used as a first-line treatment plan; 4. There are many surgical methods. The most commonly used method is Heller’s lower esophagotomy.
Achalasia is a chronic disease that seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Patients with long-term disease may even develop esophageal cancer, so early and timely intervention Treatment is urgent. The choice of treatment should be based on the clinical characteristics of the patient.
Author: Huang Xiaoping# Qingfeng Plan##Toutiao Health Information Bureau##Health Science Contest#
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