Faced with a girl’s stomachache, you will only reply “drink more hot water”?
You must know that girls’ stomach pains are not all because of the “big aunt”, and only by finding out the cause can they be treated accordingly. Let’s take a look at the common N reasons that may cause girls to suffer.
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Primary dysmenorrhea
Symptoms:
Dymenorrhea without a clear cause may be related to endometrial shedding, uterine developmental disorders, or cervical stenosis.
The incidence of primary dysmenorrhea is usually adolescent girls, and most of them occur within 1-2 years of menarche. The earlier the age of menarche, the higher the incidence of dysmenorrhea [1].
Response:
In most cases, primary dysmenorrhea resolves and disappears spontaneously with age or after childbirth. Currently, there is no specific drug, and symptomatic treatment is the mainstay.
If the pain is mild, you can take pain relievers under the guidance of your doctor to relieve the discomfort.
Secondary dysmenorrhea
Possible disease:
Adenomyosis/Endometriosis Cyst. A disease in which the lining of the uterus burrows into the myometrium or ovary.
Symptoms:
The onset target is usually women of childbearing age. Menstrual pain during puberty is generally not painful. Symptoms appear several years after menarche, and the symptoms gradually worsen.
Response:
The treatment of secondary dysmenorrhea emphasizes individualization, because there is currently no cure for adenomyosis, and surgery is the mainstay. Treatment should also be based on symptoms, age, and reproductive requirements[2]:
●If the symptoms of dysmenorrhea are relatively mild, common pain relievers such as ibuprofen can be used to control the pain;
●Young patients with adenomyosis who have fertility requirements or are near menopause can take medication to relieve symptoms;
● Young or childbearing patients with adenomyosis may undergo adenomyomectomy;
● For those with severe symptoms, no fertility requirements or ineffective drug treatment, a total hysterectomy can be performed. Whether the ovaries are preserved depends on the patient’s age and whether the ovaries are diseased or not. .
Ovulation pain
Symptoms:
1.Onset time: Ovulation occurs, and if the menstruation is regular, it usually occurs about 14 days before the next menstrual period.
2.Causes of the attack: During ovulation, the egg “breaks out” from the surface of the ovary. Pulling and slight heaving.
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Response:
Ovulation pain generally does not affect normal physiological function, nor does it affect health.
Everyone’s symptoms may be different and generally do not require special treatment.
If the pain is too severe, or accompanied by dizziness, etc., it is best to go to the hospital to check whether there is any abnormality in the pelvis.
Luteal rupture causes pain
Symptoms:
1.Onset time: The luteal phase is most likely to rupture during the luteal phase, which is around 2 weeks before menstruation.
2. Causes of attack: The corpus luteum is associated with ovulation in women. After the follicle releases the egg, the eggThe bubble wall collapses, forming the corpus luteum.
Normally, there is a small amount of bleeding in the corpus luteum, but if the amount of bleeding increases, the internal pressure increases and the rupture occurs.
Excessive force may also cause the corpus luteum to rupture. Among them, intercourse is the most common cause of corpus luteum rupture.
After rupture of the corpus luteum, intra-abdominal hemorrhage occurs and accumulates in the pelvic cavity, and in small cases, mild lower abdominal pain occurs.
Those with heavy bleeding may experience symptoms such as restlessness, nausea, vomiting, and sweating. Those with heavy or rapid bleeding may even experience hemorrhagic shock and require emergency surgery as soon as possible.
Response:
In the days before your next period, if you have persistent lower abdominal pain, especially after strenuous activity, seek help from a family member or friend.
Late and painful periods
Possible cause:
ectopic pregnancy, threatened abortion
Symptoms:
1. Causes of onset: Delayed menstrual cycle for more than 7 days is regarded as delayed menstruation.
2. Causes of the attack: late menstruation, or only a little bleeding, a dull pain in the stomach, if the early pregnancy test strip is positive, you need to be very careful at this time , ectopic pregnancy or threatened miscarriage needs to be ruled out.
Schematic diagram of ectopic pregnancy
(Source: webpath.med)
Response:
If you have recently had sex without contraception, your menstrual period has been delayed for more than 10 days, you have lower abdominal pain and a small amount of vaginal bleeding, especially if you experience discomfort such as dizziness and palpitation, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible.
As we mentioned just now, girls’ stomach pains are not all because of the menstrual cycle, and some are not related to aunts.
Mainly for the following reasons:
Pelvic inflammation
Symptoms:
● Lower abdominal pain, increased vaginal discharge, and backache.
● Persistent abdominal pain, especially after activity or sexual intercourse, and in severe cases fever, chills, and headache.
● Frequent urination, urgency, and pain during urination may also occur when accompanied by a urinary tract infection.
Response:
The symptoms of abdominal pain can be relieved by standard treatment such as antibiotic therapy and physical therapy.
However, if the treatment is delayed, or the menstrual hygiene and sexual life hygiene are not paid attention to, pelvic inflammatory disease may recur, which will not be cured for a long time.
Ovarian cyst torsion
Symptoms:
Since the pedicle of an ovarian cyst is long, the cysts and solids are mixed, and the center of gravity is shifted to one side, if you exercise vigorously or change your position suddenly, the pedicle may be twisted [3].
The torsion of the pedicle will cause lower abdominal pain, accompanied by symptoms such as nausea and vomiting.
Response:
In some cases, the twisted pedicle may reposition spontaneously, and abdominal pain may be relieved by repositioning.
But if you don’t get better for a long time, you must go to the hospital as soon as possible.
Because the torsion of the cyst pedicle for a long time, it is easy to cause vascular obstruction, which can cause ovarian ischemia and necrosis, which may reduce fertility.
Ruptured ovarian cyst
Symptoms:
Have a history of ovarian cyst. Once the ovarian cyst ruptures, the patient will experience sudden lower abdominal pain and a feeling of anal bulge.
Re-examination of the B-ultrasound will show that the original cyst has disappeared or shrunk, and the pelvic effusion will increase.
Common ovarian cysts that are prone to rupture are endometriotic cysts and corpus luteum cysts.
Response:
Ovarian cyst rupture requires immediate medical attention.
If the bleeding is not heavy, the vital signs are stable, and the abdominal pain is not severe, conservative treatment can be used.
If the bleeding is heavy and the abdominal pain is severe, laparoscopic surgery may be an option.
Gastrointestinal appendix, etc.
Possible cause:
In addition to gynecological issues, stomach pain may also be associated with stomach ulcers, gastroenteritis, chronic appendicitis and other digestive diseases.
It may also be caused by eating irritating food, cold drinks, drinking, etc.
Finally, Zhimei reminds everyone that no matter what the cause is, if the pain persists, you should go to the hospital for examination as soon as possible and treat the cause.
Reviewer
Lu Xuan| Deputy Chief Physician, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Tongji University
References
[1] Ji Bo, Ren Xiaoxuan, Zhao Yafang, Guo Mengwei, Song Xiaolin, Xu Lili, Zhang Lufen, Zhu Jiang. A review of the research on the pathogenesis and prevention of primary dysmenorrhea [J]. China Journal of Modern Medicine, 2008(13):1856-1858+1862.
[2] Gao Min, Wang Liyan, Zhang Dongdi. Treatment of primary and secondary dysmenorrhea [J]. Foreign Medicine. Nursing Volume, 2005(01):24-25.
[3] Zhang Xiaoyan, Chen Qingyun, Bian Meilu. Clinical analysis of pedicle torsion of ovarian cyst[J]. Journal of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2006(01):17-19.
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