Reviewer: Li Hongjun (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University)
“You conceive a child for me, and then kill him.” Presumably many people have been swiped by the article “Chilling Love: The Chat Record of a Suicide Girl at Peking University”.
And this sentence and the following “permanent sterilization, leaving a fallopian tube”, the harm to the female body is self-evident, making everyone feel physical discomfort and anger.
A female friend who studied medicine said: “Just go to the obstetrics and gynecology department to see how scumbags are.”
Some girls go to the hospital alone for abortion, without a man or family to accompany them, and even borrow money for the operation, all the pain is carried by one person; some girls see the Internet and the roadside propaganda, mistakenly entered some black-hearted private hospitals, the operation was not done cleanly, and money was cheated.
In recent years, induced abortion, especially for unmarried women, has remained high. According to statistics, there are 40-60 million cases of induced abortion every year in the world [1].
Although artificial abortion is used as a remedy after contraceptive failure, it is invasive after all, especially some unsafe abortions will increase the occurrence of complications and even threaten life.
A systematic analysis from WHO revealed that miscarriages are responsible for 7.9 percent of maternal deaths, and 45 percent are unsafe abortions [2].
So, don’t think abortion is just a simple surgery. The choice of surgery and the length of rest after surgery have a great impact on a woman’s future physical and mental health and fertility.
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I. There are many methods of abortion, how should I choose?
1. Medical abortion
Medical abortion, also known as medical abortion, is the use of drugs (mifepristone tablets + misoprostol tablets) to first reduce the level of progesterone in pregnant women, resulting in abortion, and then induce the uterus Strong contraction (misoprostol), expulsion of embryos, decidua, etc.
Medical abortion is mainly used in the first trimester 7weeks.
Advantages: Simple and easy to use, high safety factor, low psychological pressure, and low cost.
Disadvantages: Medication without authorization is prone to incomplete medical abortion, prolonged vaginal bleeding, and increased chances of uterine clearance. In addition, it must be carried out in a medical institution with rescue conditions. It has been confirmed by a doctor that it is an intrauterine pregnancy and can be used under the guidance of a doctor; and there are many contraindications to the use of misoprostol.
2. Surgical abortion
1.Negative pressure suction abortion. To put it simply, with the help of a negative pressure device, the embryos and other tissues in the uterus are sucked out with a straw. The so-called “painless abortion” refers to the negative pressure suction abortion after anesthesia.
Negative pressure suction abortion is mainly suitable for pregnant women who want to terminate pregnancy within 10weeks. Compared with ordinary abortion, there is no Pain flow can reduce the pain and fear of patients during surgery, reduce the occurrence of complications, and improve the complete abortion rate[3][4].
Warm reminder: Painless abortion only relieves pain during surgery, but it still hurts after surgery!
2.Cutting. The commonly known curettage is to use special clamps to scrape off the embryos and other tissues in the uterus, and then use negative pressure suction to suck them out.
Claw curettage is the preferred method for induced abortion after 10-14 weeks of pregnancy. Now, combined with anesthesia and medical abortion, it can effectively shorten the operation time and reduce bleeding [5].
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If an abortion is confirmed, it is recommended that the sooner the better. Pregnant women over 9 weeks currently require hospitalization for abortion.
No matter what kind of abortion plan, you must go to the hospital for B-ultrasound, blood test and other related tests. After a comprehensive evaluation by the doctor, you can choose the appropriate method.
2. Can I go to work on the 2nd day after an abortion?
Absolutely not!
As long as you are pregnant, the body will undergo great changes. The consumption of pregnancy on the body, coupled with the flow ofAlthough the damage caused to the body during childbirth is not comparable to full-term pregnancy and childbirth, it still takes a period of time to recover, and it should be treated like a full-term confinement child.
The first 2 weeks after an induced abortion is a critical time for the recovery of the endometrium and body, so it is recommended to rest for 2 weeks and avoid sex after an abortion, and do not engage in heavy physical labor within 1 month , and it is recommended to go to the hospital for re-examination after 2 weeks.
Of course, if there is bleeding for more than 1 week during the period, or if there are abnormal manifestations such as fever, lower abdominal pain, smelly secretion, etc., you should seek medical attention in time to rule out the bleeding caused by tissue residues. , infection and other complications.
3. How soon can I resume sex after giving birth?
At least 1 month!
After a miscarriage, both the uterus and the body are in a weak state, and the mucus plug of the cervix has not yet formed after the miscarriage, which cannot prevent the invasion of bacteria.
At this time, if you have sex too early, it is easy to bring bacteria into the uterus to induce infection. In addition, the abortion causes the uterine lining to be traumatized, which is more likely to induce infection, and even lead to fallopian tube obstruction in severe cases. , leading to infertility [6].
Also, if the action is too vigorous, it is easy to induce uterine contractions and increase the risk of bleeding.
Therefore, for the sake of safety, it is recommended to resume sex after the first menstrual period is clean and the body has recovered well. Also pay attention to taking contraceptive measures.
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4. How soon can I get pregnant again after an induced abortion?
Pregnancy causes a great deal of physical wear and tear, and miscarriage causes great damage to the body, especially the endometrium, which will take some time to recover.
The best seeds (fertilized eggs) are difficult to thrive in barren soil (endometrium).
Similarly, the endometrium is the nutrient soil for the growth and development of fertilized eggs, and whether it is medical abortion or negative pressure suction surgery, the endometrium will cause greater damage.
If you get pregnant again after a miscarriage before the lining of the uterus recovers, it will not only affect embryonic development, but also increase the risk of spontaneous miscarriage.
Therefore, it is recommended that the pregnancy be at least 3 months after a miscarriage, depending on the physical and mental recovery of the pregnant woman.
5. Is repeated abortion harmful to the body?
So big you can’t imagine!
Data show that women after abortion, especially unmarried women, have a high probability of repeated abortion, with an average of 3 to 4 in every 10 people[7][8][9 ].
Young, fit and headstrong!
As everyone knows, every miscarriage is a great damage to the body, especially the uterus. In addition to easily causing complications such as cervical adhesion, pelvic inflammatory disease, and menstrual disorders, it can also cause depression and anxiety. mental illness and mental illness [10].
Most dangerous: Repeated miscarriages not only increase the complications listed above, but also increase the risk of infertility[11].
So, if you’re not planning on having a baby, be sure to use birth control before you start having sex to prevent another unwanted pregnancy.
6. How to contracept after abortion?
About contraceptive methods, I believe everyone is familiar with them, such as common condoms, contraceptives, contraceptives, ligation, and subcutaneous implants.
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For women with induced abortion, there are many choices, which can be selected according to their own circumstances and wishes. There are different methods for different life stages, such as:
Condoms are short-acting contraceptives, which are familiar and easy to accept. However, some people often have some misunderstandings in use, such as having started having sex for a period of time before remembering to wear a condom, and accidental breakage in the middle leading to semen leakage, etc., resulting in contraceptive failure. So, be sure to educate your boyfriend or husband to use condoms properly.
Combine hormonal contraception, including combined oral contraceptives (COC) and combined contraceptive injections (CIC), with fewer contraindications, ideal contraceptive effects, and high safety , of which short-acting contraceptives are the recommended post-abortion contraceptive methods by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Simple hormonal contraception is the more familiar contraceptive pill or subcutaneous implant, with fewer contraindications and higher safety, even for lactating women It can also be used. It is recommended for women who have frequent abortions and are often worried about unintended pregnancy, but they must follow the correct guidance of professional pharmacists or doctors.
IUD, or IUD, is the most widely used contraceptive method in my country. It can be placed after induced abortion. The risk of complications such as infection is a long-term contraceptive method and is recommended. And, if you want to restore fertility in the future, you just have to remove it from the womb.
Conjugation. Note that sterilization is permanent contraception, and the chance of resuming pregnancy after ligation will be greatly reduced. It is only suitable for the DINK family who never intend to have children in this life. You must consider carefully before choosing.
However, there are still many people who are still obsessed with the “rhythm, ejaculation” contraceptive method. Especially some scumbags, in order not to wear condoms, try to brainwash girls: “I calculated that this is the safe period, and I won’t get pregnant!” “Extra-ejaculation is fine!”
Tell you, don’t do this, it’s really unreliable!
Because there is no way to accurately predict when ovulation will occur and how long each sperm will live in the womb, there is no guarantee that sperm and egg will pass by during the “safety period”.
There is also the so-called external ejaculation. Don’t think that “contraception can be achieved as long as you ensure that you can get out of the vagina quickly before ejaculation.” In fact, some “small tadpoles” have already run into the vagina or In the womb, you just don’t notice it.
In short, I hope everyone can pay attention to abortion, take daily contraceptive measures and be responsible for themselves. At the same time, it also advises girls to keep their eyes open and stay away from those scumbags who ignore the physical safety of girls, are irresponsible, and control and harm women for the sake of happiness, let alone bet their health, reproductive rights and youth for a man.
References:
[1] Henshaws SK, Susheela Singh, Taylor Heas. The incidence of abortion worldwide [J]. international family planning perspectives, 1999, 25, 36.
[2] Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tun alp , Moller AB, Daniels J, Gülmezoglu AM, Temmerman M, Alkema L. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis . Lancet Glob Health. 2014 Jun; 2(6):e323-33.
[3] Xu Jianqing, Wang Li. Discussion on psychological characteristics and related influencing factors of women with painless induced abortion in outpatient clinics[J].Chinese Journal of Family Planning,2016,24(1):42- 45.
[4] Cao Xiuhua.Comparison of clinical effect between painless induced abortion and common induced abortion[J].Hebei Medicine,2015,(2):228-229.
[5] Li Jinyan. Mifepristone combined with painless forceps curettage to terminate the clinical effect of 10-14 weeks of pregnancy [J]. China Modern Drug Application, 2011, 5(23): 64-65.
[6] Li Li, Jiang Li, Lv Bangquan. Correlation analysis between the time of resumption of sexual life after induced abortion and secondary infertility [J]. Chinese Sex Science, 2016, 25 (6): 132-134. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1993.2016.06.043.
[7] Liu Dongmei, Liu Hongyan, Wang Hui, et al. Analysis on the status and influencing factors of repeated induced abortion in women of childbearing age [J]. Chinese Journal of Family Planning, 2019, 27(10): 1284-1287.
[8] Gao Fangzhen, Chen Huifang, Liu Yu’e. Analysis on the status of multiple induced abortions in unmarried young women and its influencing factors [J]. China Primary Health Care, 2017, 31(8): 26- 28.
[9] Yue Guifang. Analysis on the status of repeated induced abortion in young women and its influencing factors [J]. China Family Planning and Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2015, (3): 63-65, 68.
[10] Wei Xiangqun, Zhang Honghui. Influencing factors of depression and anxiety symptoms before induced abortion[J].Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health,2005,16(2):84-86.
[11] He Yaxia. Analysis of the effect of repeated induced abortion on women’s health [J]. Chinese and Foreign Women’s Health Research, 2015, (11): 22, 9.
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