Amoxicillin and cephalosporin are not the most familiar antibiotics. Few people regard them as a standard for colds, coughs, and sore throats, and they even make them “stand-alone at home”, which just proves that everyone is ignorant or even unfamiliar with these common antibiotics, and there are also friends who often consult, “Colds I have questions about whether it is better to take amoxicillin or cephalosporin, which is better between amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium, whether amoxicillin is more expensive, and so on. The doubts were simply sorted out and presented to everyone in the form of questions and answers.
01Is it better to take cephalosporins or amoxicillin when I have a cold?
are not good. First of all, let’s make it clear that the cold you encounter is caused by a virus, whether it’s the common cold or the flu, it’s just a virus There are different types, such as rhinoviruses, parainfluenza viruses that cause the common cold, and influenza A and B viruses that cause influenza. Both cephalosporins and amoxicillin belong to the β-lactam antibiotics, and play a bactericidal effect by inhibiting the transpeptidase of bacterial PBP2 to inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell walls . As we all know, bacteria and viruses are two completely different microorganisms, and cephalosporins and amoxicillin have no inhibitory or killing effect on viruses. So Cefene or amoxicillin is not good for a cold. Antibiotics should be considered only when it is clear that the cold is complicated by bacterial infection, such as sinusitis, otitis media, and pneumonia ( such as amoxicillin or cephalosporin).
02 Can people who are allergic to amoxicillin take cephalosporins?
Be careful, it is best not to eat. Amoxicillin is a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum penicillin, which belongs to the same β-lactam antibiotics as cephalosporins. The structures all contain similar β-lactam rings, so there is an incomplete cross-allergic reaction between the two types of drugs. About 10% to 30% of people who are allergic to penicillin are allergic to cephalosporins, while The vast majority of people with allergies are allergic to penicillin drugs, and as we all know, cephalosporin/penicillin allergy is mild to rash and urticaria, and severe to anaphylactic shock. Therefore, people allergic to any of the two types of drugs are the most sensitive. It is best to avoid taking another class of drugs.
03 What is the difference between amoxicillin and cephalosporin?
As mentioned earlier, both amoxicillin and cephalosporin are β-lactam antibiotics. They have similar drug structures and similar antibacterial mechanisms. However, in general, Compared with amoxicillin, cephalosporin still has the advantages of broad antibacterial spectrum, penicillinase resistance, high efficacy, low toxicity, and less allergic reactions.
04 Those who drink alcohol, can neither cephalosporin nor amoxicillin drink alcohol?
No. Most people think of not drinking alcohol after taking amoxicillin or cephalosporin because alcohol and these drugs can cause serious side effects such as Weakness, dizziness, drowsiness, hallucinations, body flushing, headache, nausea, vomiting, blood pressure drop, and even shock, which are known as “disulfiram-like reactions”, but in fact amoxicillin and its drug structure do not contain formazan Cephalosporins (eg, cefixime) with the thiotetrazolium side chain group do not react with alcohol in a disulfiram-like manner. But it is still necessary to note that you cannot drink alcohol after taking cephalosporins and amoxicillin, mainly because amoxicillin, like most cephalosporins, is metabolized in the human body. Among them, a small part will be metabolized by the liver, and alcohol will inhibit the activity of liver drug enzymes, slow down the metabolism of these drugs in the liver, and then cause the accumulation of drugs in the body and increase the risk of adverse drug reactions.
05Amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium and amoxicillin have What is the difference? Amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium is a compound preparation composed of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. The purpose of adding clavulanic acid is to enhance the antibacterial activity of amoxicillin and susceptibility to bacteria , Because bacteria will produce a substance called β-lactamase, this substance will destroy the structure of amoxicillin and make amoxicillin lose its antibacterial activity, and the clavulanic acid in the compound preparation is specifically inhibited Beta-lactamase activity of the drug, but also reduced the dose of amoxicillin.
06When I usually choose amoxicillin or cephalosporin, is the more expensive the better?
Not necessarily. There are many factors that affect the price of drugs, such as drug raw materials, process excipients, market influence, and national policies. Taking amoxicillin as an example, the price of amoxicillin from original research and large manufacturers is relatively high, while the price of amoxicillin purchased by the country is very cheap. For ordinary people, it is recommended that when choosing amoxicillin, the original manufacturer and the one with the “Generic Drug Consistency Evaluation” icon on the box should be the first choice. Cefaclor is also similar to amoxicillin, the difference is that there are many specific varieties of cephalosporins, such as first-generation cefradine and cephalexin, second-generation cefaclor and cefuroxime axetil, and third-generation cefixime Oxime and cefdinir are relatively more expensive for third-generation cephalosporins, and the antibacterial spectrum and safety should also be considered when selecting cephalosporins. For example, first-generation cephalosporins have stronger effects on Gram-positive bacteria than second- and third-generation cephalosporins The second-generation cephalosporins have stronger activity against gram-negative bacteria than the first-generation cephalosporins, and the third-generation cephalosporins have stronger activity against Gram-negative bacteria than the first- and second-generation cephalosporins. The third-generation cephalosporins have basically no renal toxicity.
(This article is for professional reference only)
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