According to the website of Ningxia Health and Health Commission on July 19, an imported case of plague was confirmed in Yinchuan City. The situation is as follows: An imported case of plague was confirmed in Yinchuan City
On July 19, 2022, a case of plague (bubonic plague) was confirmed in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University.
Patient Liu Moumou (male, 45 years old, living in Shanghai Temple Ranch, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, occupation is a herdsman), at around 9:00 on July 12, the patient consciously had fever, fatigue, Confused, watery diarrhea, returned to Yinchuan from Inner Mongolia, and went to the Third People’s Hospital of Yinchuan City. At around 11:00 on July 13, he went to the Fourth People’s Hospital of the Autonomous Region. On July 14, he went to the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. , A suspected case of plague was diagnosed on July 19, and a case of plague was confirmed on the same day.
At present, in accordance with the requirements of the emergency plan for plague control in the autonomous region, the people’s government of the autonomous region has launched a four-level emergency response, and relevant regions and units have fully activated the emergency response working mechanism in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. The personnel have adopted strict classification control measures, and various disposal work is progressing in an orderly manner.
Then
What is the plague?
How exactly did it spread?
How to prevent it?
1
What is the plague?
Plague is a severe infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis infection. The plague is mainly prevalent among rodents. Rats and marmots are the natural hosts of Yersinia pestis, and the rat flea is the transmission medium.
Plague is characterized by rapid onset, short course of disease, high mortality, strong infectivity, and rapid spread. Especially septicemic plague and pneumonic plague, if untreated, the fatality rate is 30% to 100%. The incubation period of plague is short, generally 1 to 6 days, and individual cases can reach 8 to 9 days.
2
How is the plague spread?
Rats and rodents, of which the Rattus norvegicus and the yellow-breasted rat are the main sources of infection. Wild foxes, wolves, wild cats, hares, camels and sheep may also be sources of infection.
The transmission routes include rat flea bites, respiratory infections, and skin transmission.
3
What are the symptoms of plague?
Clinical manifestations of plague infection:
According to clinical manifestations and disease characteristics, plague can be divided into bubonic plague, pneumonic plague, septicemic plague and other types of plague. Bubonic plague: high fever and chills, accompanied by nausea and vomiting, headache and pain in the limbs, facial flushing, conjunctival hyperemia, bleeding spots on the skin and mucous membranes, etc., mostly manifested as swollen and rapidly developing lymph nodes in the groin, armpit and neck, and the lymph nodes quickly develop after a week Septic ulceration. Pneumonic plague: rapid onset, with chills and high fever, headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, purple lips, cough and other symptoms, often due to heart failure, hemorrhagic shock and death. Septicemic plague: high fever and chills, confusion, coma, and then septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and extensive skin hemorrhage and necrosis.
Population susceptibility:
The population is generally susceptible. Field workers, close contacts or predators of marmots, and pastoralists are high-risk groups. Long-lasting immunity can be obtained after plague infection, and a certain immunity can be obtained by vaccination.
4
How can plague be prevented?
Experts remind the general public: Strictly follow the requirements of the “Three Nos and Three Reports” for plague prevention and control, do a good job in personal protection, and improve self-protection awareness and ability.
1. “Three Nos”: Do not hunt the animals at the source of the epidemic, do not strip or eat the animals at the source of the epidemic, and do not carry the animals and their products out of the epidemic area without permission.
2. “Three Reports”: Report the discovery of sick (dead) marmots and other animals, report the discovery of suspected plague patients, and report patients with unexplained high fever and sudden death. Report.
3. Good personal hygiene habits should be maintained, Try to avoid going to crowded places, and wear a mask in time when visiting a medical institution or when an individual has fever, cough and other related symptoms.
4. If you suspect that you have been in contact with the case, you can take the initiative to report to the local disease control department, and obtain professional guidance. In the event of fever, cough, lymph node pain, hemoptysis or bleeding Seek immediate medical attention when symptoms occur.
5. Minimize contact with wild animals when traveling. Do not play with marmots whose health status is unknown. Do a good job of preventing flea bites. Avoid being bitten by fleas, and do not hunt or eat wild animals without permission.
(Original title: A case of bubonic plague confirmed in Ningxia)
Source: Xinhuanet WeChat integrated Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Health Commission official website, popular science China, etc.
Process editor: TF060