Recently, high temperatures have continued in many parts of the country, and many people have been diagnosed with heat stroke. The National Health Commission has released authoritative answers to questions about heat stroke.
What is heat stroke
Heat stroke is the most severe form of heat-related emergency, severe heat stroke, and is caused by exposure to In a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, the body’s regulatory function is unbalanced, and heat production is greater than heat dissipation, resulting in a rapid increase in core temperature, exceeding 40 °C, with severe and fatal skin burning, disturbance of consciousness (such as delirium, convulsions, coma) and multiple organ dysfunction. Sexually transmitted diseases are the most serious type of heatstroke, Once they occur, the mortality rate is extremely high.
According to the different causes and susceptible groups, heat stroke can be divided into exertional heat stroke and non-exertional heat stroke. (also known as classic heat stroke).
Why you get heat stroke
Climate factors of high temperature and humidity and high-intensity physical activity are the main risk factors for heat stroke.
Classic heat stroke is mainly caused by high temperature and/or high humidity environmental factors, usually without strenuous physical activity. Exertional heat stroke is mainly caused by the imbalance between heat production and heat dissipation caused by high-intensity physical activity.
What are the common symptoms of heat stroke
Common symptoms of heat stroke are:
1. Elevated body temperature: span>Elevated body temperature is the main feature of heat stroke. The core body temperature of the patients is mostly above 40°C.
2. Central nervous system symptoms: Central nervous system dysfunction is the main feature of heat stroke. Severe damage may occur, manifested as: delirium, lethargy, seizures, coma, etc.; other neurological abnormalities may also occur, including bizarre behavior, hallucinations, opisthotonus, and tonicity. Some patients may have long-term central nervous system damage in the later stage, mainly manifested as inattention, memory loss, cognitive impairment, language impairment, ataxia, etc.
3. Other symptoms: Headache, nausea, skin redness, increased skin temperature, shortness of breath, heart rate Acceleration, muscle cramps, or weakness.
How to deal with first aid at the scene
heat stroke It can be life-threatening, and others around you should help call emergency services while trying to cool the patient.
1. Move the patient to a cool place.
2. No matter what method is used, cool the patient quickly. Such as soaking the patient in cool water in a bathtub; placing the patient under a cool shower; spraying the patient with cool flower water; wiping the patient’s body with cool water; compressing the head with a cool wet towel or ice pack In dry weather, wrap the patient in a sheet or clothing soaked in cool water and blow hard with a fan.
3. The muscles of patients with heat stroke may twitch involuntarily. When this happens, avoid the patient harming themselves. Do not put anything in the patient’s mouth and do not attempt to give the patient water. If the patient vomits, turn the patient on their side to ensure that the airway is clear and avoid aspiration.
What conditions require immediate medical attention
Seek immediate medical attention if the following conditions occur:
1. The temperature continues to rise< /strong>, even if it exceeds 40℃, you should seek medical attention in time.
2. Headache: If persistent headache occurs in a high temperature environment or after heavy physical labor, you should go to the hospital.
3. Muscle spasms: The muscles of the whole body, especially the muscles of the limbs, appear in a high temperature environment or after heavy physical labor Involuntary twitching, you should seek medical attention in time.
4. Shallow and fast breathing: The breathing rate is accelerated, more than 20 times per minute, and the inhalation and exhalation volume is small. Seek medical attention promptly.
5. Nausea: If you feel like vomiting but can’t vomit, you should seek medical attention in time.
Patients should seek immediate medical attention or call 120 if they notice:
1. coma: loss of consciousness, slow or no response to external stimuli;
< span>2. Extreme weakness: When you feel no strength and can barely move;
3. Confusion: Unable to perceive people or things around you accurately, such as not knowing where you are or what other people are saying;
< span>4. Delirium: Insanity, nonsense;
5. Epilepsy :The muscles of the whole body twitch involuntarily, without consciousness and without any response to external stimuli.
How to prevent heat stroke
The key to reducing the mortality rate of heat stroke lies in prevention.
The most effective preventive measures are avoiding high temperature (high humidity) and unventilated environments, reducing and avoiding risk factors for heat stroke, ensuring adequate Rest time, avoid the occurrence of dehydration, thereby reducing the incidence and mortality of heat stroke.
(Source: National Health Commission website, Xinhuanet, Henan Traffic Broadcasting)