Elderly hypertensive patients need to be alert to 9 dangerous moments

Click the blue text

high Blood pressure has its own special population. Only by tailoring it can we take every step on the road to return to normal high blood pressure and achieve the ultimate victory. Today we will learn about the characteristics of blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients and 9 dangerous moments in daily life.

Five characteristics of hypertension in the elderly

my country aged 60 and above In the above population, 6 out of 10 people suffer from high blood pressure. The elderly often suffer from arteriosclerosis and poor blood vessel elasticity. Therefore, the elderly have five characteristics of hypertension:

The systolic blood pressure was high (≥140mmHg) but the diastolic blood pressure was not high (<90mmHg), and the pulse pressure increased. The higher the systolic blood pressure and the higher the pulse pressure in the elderly, the greater the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease.

blood pressure fluctuates widely. Older people are easily affected by environmental changes and produce a stress response, which makes the blood pressure measured in the clinic much higher than the self-measured blood pressure at home; prone to “morning hypertension”, “nocturnal hypotension” or “Nocturnal hypertension” affects the efficacy of treatment and increases the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease.

easy Orthostatic hypotension and postprandial hypotension occurred.

Complications are numerous and serious. Multiple diseases coexist, such as the “three highs”: hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease (coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, etc.). There are many types and quantities of drugs, which are prone to drug interactions and adverse drug reactions.

false Hypertension. Pseudo-hypertension means that the blood pressure value measured by ordinary cuff manometry is higher than the blood pressure value measured directly by arterial puncture. More common in the elderly and patients with uremia, diabetes, severe arteriosclerosis. Pseudohypertension should be highly suspected when hypertensive patients have ineffective antihypertensive drug treatment and long-term hypertension or severe hypertension without target organ damage.

Blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients

< p>What level of control?

Hypertensive patients 65-79 years old, blood pressure above 150/90mmHg When the blood pressure is lower than 140/90mmHg, antihypertensive drugs should be taken. If the systolic blood pressure is controlled below 130mmHg and well tolerated, treatment can be continued and the long-term stability is below 130mmHg.

Hypertensive patients aged 80 and older, with systolic blood pressure higher than 160mmHg, should take antihypertensive drugs to control blood pressure. Below 140/90mmHg. Frail elderly people should pay attention to monitoring blood pressure, the blood pressure should not be too fast, and the blood pressure should not be too low.

9 Dangerous Moments for Elderly Hypertensive Patients

strong>

9 dangerous moments for elderly hypertensive patients

< span>1. When the temperature drops sharply: When the cold current passes and the weather cools down, it is the day when the stroke is more frequent. Therefore, in winter and spring, hypertensive patients should do a good job of keeping warm and cold.

2. When smoking and drinking: Too much smoking and drinking are important causes of stroke, especially for those suffering from hypertension, atherosclerosis Hardened elderly, extremely dangerous.

3. When the mood fluctuates greatly: When a person is angry, sad, fearful or overjoyed, the blood pressure will suddenly rise, the heart rate will increase, and it is easy to induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, patients with high blood pressure should avoid getting angry and anxious. For example, they should be restrained during “fighting” at the mahjong table, and not be too excited, so as to prevent extreme joy from becoming sad.

4. 6:00~9:00 in the morning: In the early morning, people just wake up from a dream, with slow blood flow and lack of water in the body, resulting in Blood concentration can easily lead to cerebral infarction. It is very beneficial for the elderly to drink some warm water before going to bed and after getting up in the morning.

5. 1-2 hours after a meal:After a meal, the digestive system needs a larger blood supply to function, the heart and the brain blood is relatively reduced. The elderly’s own blood pressure regulation function is relatively weak, which can easily lead to postprandial hypotension, dizziness, fatigue, pale complexion, and syncope. Therefore, elderly hypertensive patients should not overeat during meals. It is recommended to eat small meals frequently, lie down for half an hour after meals, and do not do strenuous exercise immediately. Appropriately adjust the medication time of antihypertensive drugs, try not to take the medication before meals, but instead take the medication between meals.

6. During defecation with breath-holding: Older people often suffer from habitual constipation. . When blood pressure exceeds the capacity of the walls of the blood vessels in the brain, the blood vessels rupture and cerebral hemorrhage occurs.

In addition, straining to defecate puts pressure on the heart, which can easily lead to myocardial infarction. Therefore, hypertensive patients should exercise in moderation, avoid mental stress, maintain a good mood, and eat more foods rich in dietary fiber in daily life.

7. When bathing: Older people have weaker constitutions, poorer thermoregulation and vasomotor functions, and are stimulated by hot or cold water , blood pressure fluctuates easily. Therefore, the water temperature of elderly patients should not be too high and the time should not be too long when taking a hot bath.

8. During sexual life: During sexual life, blood pressure can rise sharply due to emotional hyperactivity and rapid heartbeat. Patients with high blood pressure should pay special attention. Stop immediately if you feel unwell.

9. When medication is not taken in time: After being diagnosed with high blood pressure, if not treated in time, in terms of heart disease, myocardial hypertrophy, cardiac Insufficiency, myocardial infarction, etc.; cerebrovascular disease, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, etc. will occur.

Content source:

People’s Health Publishing House published “Health Education Guidelines for Hypertensive Patients in China (2021)”

Edited by: National Cardiovascular Center Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences