Expert interviewed
Professor and Chief Physician of Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Xu Dingli
Professor Li Huiming, Department of Nutrition, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University< /span>
Why are you more afraid of heat than others?
In summer, if you are more afraid of heat than others, it may be related to your diet, sweating, and even some disease factors.
·Eating too much meat
Eating more protein-rich foods such as meat and fish will make people feel more hot. For example, in winter, it is a little cold before eating, and after eating, you will feel much warmer.
This phenomenon can be explained by the “food thermic effect”: eating will cause the body to consume additional energy, and this energy is emitted through the body surface, making people feel hot.
·less sweating
Humans are homeothermic animals and are regulated by sweat glands Body temperature and sweating are important ways to dissipate heat.
If the congenital sweat glands are underdeveloped, or people who use anti-perspiration drugs, the body’s heat dissipation function is unbalanced, and it is more prone to heat stroke.
For example, taking cold medicines containing antihistamines will inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system, and perspiration requires the operation of the parasympathetic nervous system. sweat function.
·Insufficient Water
Water Insufficient supplements are not conducive to the body’s perspiration and heat dissipation. It should be reminded that drinking cold drinks can not prevent heat stroke, because cold drinks can only make the mouth feel cool, and because the blood vessels are contracted by cold, it reduces the speed of body heat dissipation.
Drinking hot water can promote the secretion of sweat glands and relieve the heat, but the water temperature should not exceed 60 ℃.
·Disease factors such as hyperthyroidism
The basal metabolism of patients with hyperthyroidism is significantly increased, and both oxygen consumption and heat production are increased. Symptoms such as heat intolerance, sweating, and moist skin appear.
High temperature brings a lot of challenges to the body
Clinical research It is confirmed that when the temperature exceeds 33℃, the metabolism of the human body will be significantly accelerated, which has a great impact on the blood circulation system. Heat can cause 6 situations in the body:
1
Heart pressure is high
In the state of high temperature, sympathetic nerve excitability increases, heart rate increases, myocardial oxygen consumption increases, and subcutaneous vascular Dilation, blood flow increases 3 to 5 times than usual, which increases the workload of the heart.
2
blood It becomes viscous
In high temperature days, people sweat a lot, and the blood viscosity of the human body increases, which makes it easy to dehydrate. When it reaches a certain level, it can lead to ischemia or thrombosis, and induce myocardial infarction or stroke.
3
poor sleep
hot and dry Long nights are short, and people often sleep restlessly. Poor rest is one of the important causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
4
Irritability
Medical research suggests that high temperature When the mood is easy to be irritable, nervous, and depressed, with the aggravation of symptoms, the probability of sudden death, myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events will also increase.
5
Dizziness and hypoxia
High humidity in summer, But the air pressure is low, the oxygen content is reduced. Even if there is no difference between the amount of activity and usual, they will feel chest tightness, shortness of breath, and dizziness. In severe cases of cardiovascular disease, acute myocardial infarction and cerebral thrombosis can be induced.
6
Gastrointestinal discomfort
In a high temperature environment, various pathogenic microorganisms are easy to breed, and unsanitary diet may affect digestion The system brings a burden, causing acute gastroenteritis, manifested as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and even dehydration and shock.
How to improve the body’s heat resistance
High temperature The human body sweats a lot, and the pumping load of the heart increases. In order to decompress the body to the greatest extent, you can do the following to help your body adapt to the high temperature in summer:
Clothing: loose and breathable
There are 4 points to pay attention to in summer: light, light, breathable and sweat-absorbent.
The material of the clothes will affect the evaporation of sweat. It is recommended to use loose, hygroscopic cotton, linen, silk and other materials, or choose a synthetic fiber material with strong air permeability.
It should be noted that in summer, the less you wear, the cooler you are: generally when the skin temperature is higher than the air temperature, exposing the limbs and back will help dissipate heat; When the temperature exceeds 37°C, the skin begins to absorb heat from the outside world, and wearing less clothing will expose the skin to ultraviolet rays and increase the possibility of burns.
Drinking water: several times, a small amount
Because of increased sweating, especially on hot days, you should be alert to signs of dehydration. You can observe Pee Color:
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Don’t wait until you are thirsty before thinking about drinking water, and drink water actively every 1-2 hours;
Adults should consume at least 1500 mg per day. ~1700ml of water;
It is not recommended to add a large amount of water (more than 500ml) at one time. Drinking small sips and drinking slowly can quench your thirst.
Diet: Eat less cold drinks and eat “bitter”
Try not to eat cold drinks ; If you must eat it, it is best to choose it 1 hour after a meal; after eating a cold drink, ginger is the best remedy ingredient, you can drink a cup of ginger tea.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that suffering into the heart can clear the heart fire, which is conducive to nourishing the heart in summer. Bitter gourd, bitter chrysanthemum, lettuce, lettuce and other bitter vegetables can be stir-fried or cold. When cooking, add some peppers and garlic to prevent excessive cold.
Enjoy the coolness: the air conditioner should preferably not be lower than 26℃
When the outdoor temperature is high, if the air conditioner is adjusted very low, When the two environments change between hot and cold, the human body will have a stress response, such as the sudden contraction of blood vessels, which may easily lead to myocardial infarction or stroke.
The temperature of the air conditioner should preferably not be lower than 26℃;
Open the windows for 30 minutes after turning on the air conditioner for about 2 hours;
Do not frequently enter and exit the air-conditioned room;
Air conditioners and electric fans should not blow directly on the body;
In the air-conditioned room, protect the shoulders, necks, knees, ankles and other parts.
Mood: Try to be as calm as possible
In hot weather, people tend to get upset and lethargic Wait for signs of “emotional heatstroke”. Sitting still, watering flowers, reading, listening to music, etc., can help relieve irritability.
Exercise: Reduce high-intensity exercise
Exercise accelerates heat production in the body, and the greater the amount of exercise, the greater the heat production. People with large muscles in the body produce more heat during exercise than the average person, and are at high risk of heat stroke.
Summer exercise should be done according to one’s ability, the time should be arranged in a cool morning or evening, during which time pay attention to hydration, when the outdoor temperature exceeds 32 ℃ and the air humidity exceeds 60%, it is best to exercise Choose indoors. ▲
Editor of this issue: Zheng Ronghua
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