Many problems solved in systematic chiropractic are closely related to nerves. Therefore, in order to better master chiropractic techniques, we must have a solid knowledge of neuroanatomy. Only by mastering them can we better Our system of chiropractic services.
Then the following editor will lead you to learn some nervous systems related to the sacroiliac:
01
As shown in Figures 1 and 2 below, The sacral plexus (L4-5, S1-5, Co1) consists of the lumbosacral trunk (part of the anterior rami of L4, all anterior rami of L5) and all anterior rami of the sacrococcygeal nerve. Located in front of the sacrum and piriformis, branches to the muscles and skin of the pelvic wall, buttocks, perineum, posterior thighs, calves, and feet. Directly send out many brevis muscle branches to innervate the piriformis, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, etc. Piriformis muscle injury and spasm caused by stimulation of the sacral plexus may be related to the pathogenesis of piriformis syndrome.
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1. Superior gluteal nerve :L4-5, S1. It exits the pelvis over the piriformis muscle and distributes to the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia lata.
2. The inferior gluteal nerve: < span>L5, S1-2. It emerges from the pelvis through the inferior foramen of the piriformis muscle. distributed in the gluteus maximus.
3. Pudendal nerve: S2-4. Distributed in the muscles and skin of the anus, perineum, and external genitalia. Its branches are as follows.
1) Anal nerve (inferior rectal nerve): distributes to the external anal sphincter and anal skin. It may be related to “perianal eczema”, which is actually neurodermatitis.
2) Perineal nerve: distributes to the muscles of the perineum and the skin of the scrotum (labia major). Damage to this nerve is associated with pelvic floor muscle atrophy.
3) Penile (clitoral) dorsal nerve: distributed to the cavernous body and skin of the penis (clitoral)
< p>4. Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve: S1-3. After coming out from the sacral plexus, it goes out of the pelvis through the inferior piriformis foramen to the deep surface of the gluteus maximus, and descends to the skin of the posterior femoral area. Distributed on the skin of the posterior thigh and popliteal fossa.
5. Sciatica: L4-5, S1-3. It is the largest and longest nerve in the body. It exits the pelvis through the inferior foramen of the piriformis muscle to the deep surface of the gluteus maximus, descends on the deep surface of the midpoint of the line connecting the ischial tubercle and the greater trochanter, and descends into the posterior femoral area, travels to the deep surface of the biceps femoris muscle, and reaches the upper corner of the popliteal fossa to divide into the tibia Two terminal branches of the nerve and the common peroneal nerve.
In the posterior femoral region, the muscle branches innervate the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus, and are distributed to the hip joint at the same time. As shown in Figure 3
1) tibial nerve (L4-5, S1-3): the continuation of the sciatic nerve trunk, with the popliteal blood vessels descending to the back of the calf, issuing The muscle branch innervates the muscles of the posterior group of the calf; behind the medial malleolus, it is divided into the medial plantar nerve (innervates the medial plantar muscles, distributed in the posterior group of the calf, the medial half of the plantar, and the inner three half feet) metatarsophalangeal skin) and lateral plantar nerve (distributed to the middle and lateral muscles of the plantar, as well as the lateral half of the plantar and one half of the lateral plantar toe surface).
2) The common peroneal nerve (L4-5, S1-2): walks along the medial side of the biceps femoris, to the lateral side of the upper segment of the calf, the peroneal neck passes forward through the peroneus longus muscle, It is divided into the superficial peroneal nerve (innervates the long and short muscles of the fibula, and the cutaneous branches distribute to the outer side of the calf, the dorsum of the foot, and the dorsal skin of the 2nd to 5th toes) and the deep peroneal nerve (distributes to the anterior calf muscles, the dorsum of the foot, and the 1st to 5th toes). 2 toe dorsal skin).
The lateral sural cutaneous nerve arises from the common peroneal nerve in the popliteal fossa and distributes to the outer skin of the calf. Anastomoses with the medial sural nerve to form the sural nerve.
The normal function of the tibial and common peroneal nerves is the basic guarantee for maintaining a normal arch.
Injury of the common peroneal nerve manifests as inability to dorsiflexion of the foot, inability to extend the toes, drop and varus of the foot, showing “equinus varus”. Skin sensory disturbances on the anterolateral and dorsal feet of the lower leg.
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1-3 posterior sacral nerves Nerve)
The posterior branches of the 1st to 3rd sacral nerves distribute in the skin of the mid-glute area.
Pelvic misalignment, such as displacement or rotation of the sacrum, may directly affect the sacral nerve. The displacement of the lumbar spine that accompanies pelvic misalignment can also affect the lumbar nerves and even the spinal nerves (joint chains) above, resulting in complex clinical symptoms. Therefore, pelvic correction techniques are the basis of chiropractic.