Qilu Evening News reporter Wang Xiaomeng Intern Li Menghan
Flowers have an appointment, spring is not wrong,
Bacteria are born every year!
Yes, that “sick spring” that makes people “numb”, it is “opening” again with all kinds of bacteria.
That’s meningococcal meningitis! What kind of disease is this? How to prevent and avoid getting hit? Experts from Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention brought detailed answers.
What is meningococcal meningitis?
Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, referred to as meningitis, is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by meningococcus. It is a common acute respiratory infectious disease in spring. The bacteria are Neisseria meningitidis. It can occur year-round, but there is a seasonal peak in winter and spring.
Main pathogen: Neisseria meningitidis
Neisseria meningitidis, the pathogen of meningococcal meningitis, Gram-negative, Oxygen, there are 13 serotypes, weak resistance to the external environment, dryness, sunlight, damp heat and general disinfectants quickly kill bacteria.
Who is susceptible to infection?
The population is generally susceptible, and the incidence of children is relatively high, mainly concentrated in children under the age of five, especially the highest incidence of infants and young children between six months and two years of age, and increases with age Then it gradually declines, and people can gain lasting immunity after infection.
The main symptoms of meningitis?
The initial manifestation is upper respiratory tract infection, most patients have no obvious symptoms, and then the patients have sudden chills, high fever, body temperature can reach 40 ℃, headache and vomiting are repeated, and bleeding spots or Ecchymosis, which develops into meningitis within 1-2 days, persistent high fever, severe headache, frequent vomiting, convulsions, and even coma.
How to prevent meningitis?
1. Vaccination
Vaccination is the most effective and economical preventive measure against meningococcal meningitis. Children under the age of 15 are the high-risk groups of the disease. Timely vaccination against meningitis can play an effective preventive role, and young children can be vaccinated from the age of 6 months.
2. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment
Prevention of meningitis requires early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment, and timely detection of patients with pre-symptomatic meningitis. Kindergartens, primary and secondary schools strengthen morning and afternoon inspections, and if suspected patients are found, they should be advised to go to the hospital for medical treatment immediately, so as not to miss the best time for treatment.
3. Do personal protection in public places
During the epidemic period, try to avoid public places with dense crowds and poor ventilation. If you go, please wear a mask correctly to avoid crowds.
4. Wash hands frequently and ventilate frequently
Develop good personal hygiene habits, wash hands frequently and ventilate frequently. Wash hands before and after eating, after touching public items, and after returning home; wash hands immediately after touching respiratory secretions (such as after sneezing). Avoid touching eyes, mouth and nose with dirty hands. Hand washing should be done with hand sanitizer or soap and running water.
Keep the environment clean and ventilated, rooms, classrooms, offices and other indoor places should be ventilated frequently, and ensure that the windows are opened at least 3 times a day for 20 to 30 minutes each time to maintain indoor air circulation.
5, strengthen physical exercise, reasonable diet, maintain adequate sleep, and enhance resistance.
Prevent the spread of infectious diseases in spring
Pay attention to some points↓
