The high incidence of hyperuricemia in coastal areas is caused by eating seafood? How to properly prevent it?

Recently, it’s not unusual to see Uncle Wang upstairs buying seafood every three days, but Aunt Zhang, who lives in the same building, is in a hurry. If you eat seafood, you are not afraid of high uric acid. Uncle Wang said: “It’s fine, I’m all right. Don’t say it so terrible. It’s not bad to eat some seafood often. Aunt Zhang disdainfully “hum”. Said that seafood can’t be eaten, so I no longer dare to eat seafood…

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It’s true, some people have heard that eating too much seafood can easily lead to hyperuricemia, that’s fine I no longer eat fish and shrimp. Whether it is high uric acid or normal, I am too scared to eat seafood. This fully shows two problems. and in-depth knowledge of prevention and treatment.

The high incidence of hyperuricemia in coastal areas is caused by eating seafood?

The high incidence of hyperuricemia in coastal areas is indeed true. Data from modern epidemiological studies show that there are regional and gender differences in the prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia. , developed areas are higher than inland areas, males are higher than females. In the past 20 years, with the rise of human diet and changes in dietary structure, hyperuricemia and gout have shown an increasing trend. In 2004, the epidemiological survey of Shandong coastal areas showed that the prevalence of hyperuricemia reached 100% during that period. It can also be seen from the recent data published by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention that the prevalence of hyperuricemia is higher in urban areas, eastern and coastal provinces of China.

Is it all because of seafood?

Seafood is certainly a point, because seafood is not only high in protein, but also high in purines. Long-term high-purine diets will become a triggering factor, but this is not Let’s take a look at the main factors:

Uric acid production:

Since it is uric acid If the concentration is high, let’s start with uric acid. Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism. The production of uric acid in the human body mainly comes from two pathways. The first is the endogenous pathway, which is the nucleic acid that is decomposed and reused by the body’s tissue cells. , this part can account for 80% of the body’s total uric acid, (the main source) the second is the exogenous way, that is, food intake, accounting for 20% of the body’s total uric acid. Under normal circumstances, the uric acid in the body is 1200mg, and an average of 600-750mg of uric acid is newly produced every day. At the same time, 600-750mg of uric acid needs to be excreted, so that it is in a state of balance. Most of the excretion of uric acid is excreted through the kidneys. Small parts are broken down through the intestines. It can be seen that any factor affecting the intermediate link between uric acid production and excretion may lead to changes in uric acid concentration, such as decreased renal excretion function, decreased uric acid excretion, disorder of purine metabolism, excessive uric acid production, etc. Both will increase the plasma uric acid concentration beyond saturation.

Indices of hyperuricemia:

Sodium urate in normal blood The upper limit of saturation is about 038mmol/L, (64mg/L) when the body temperature is 37°C and the blood pH is 7.4, which is higher than 0.36mmol/L (6mg/L) for women and 0.42mmol/L (70mg/L) for men. /L), that is, hyperuricemia.

Causes of hyperuricemia:

Hyperuricemia has certain genetics Sex, but most cases have no genetic history, mainly due to poor lifestyle, such as less exercise, overweight and obesity, long-term high purine, alcohol, high-calorie, high-sugar food intake, irregular life and endogenous purine synthesis Increased, such as certain diseases, such as hemolytic anemia, polycythemia, obesity, myocardial infarction, etc., and renal excretory dysfunction, such as chronic renal failure, hypertension, diabetic acidosis, drugs such as diuretics, low-dose water Sylic acid, abuse of laxatives, etc.

In addition, starvation, intense muscle exercise, hypoxia, rapid weight loss, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and cold exposure will all lead to the accelerated decomposition of ATP. factor.

The representative sample results of the Third National Nutritional Health Survey in the United States showed that the higher the intake of total meat, boiled beef, processed meat, fish and seafood, the higher the level of blood uric acid. higher. Increased meat intake increases hyperuricemia in diabetic, obese and normal populationsIn both studies, no statistical association between fish intake and the prevalence of hyperuricemia was observed. Compared with meat eaters, those who only ate fish and no meat had lower blood uric acid levels. Results from a cross-sectional study in the Shanghai Men’s Health Study Cohort showed that seafood intake was associated with the prevalence of hyperuricemia, red meat was positively associated with hyperuricemia, and total meat and poultry intake was associated with hyperuricemia. Symptoms were not found to be correlated. In addition, the results of a face-to-face interview questionnaire survey of 1538 people in a community cross-sectional study in Beijing area showed that the intake of meat, seafood and other foods was not associated with hyperuricemia, and the relative risk was 0.59 and 0.80, respectively.

It can be seen from the above that there is nothing wrong with seafood and seafood, but what is wrong is the bad eating behavior of people who consume a lot and excessively. Research on the relationship between high uric acid and intake of purine-rich foods has not reached a unified conclusion. There are many cross-sectional studies. In any case, for meat, seafood, etc., it is recommended to consume in moderation. The “Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents” recommends that the daily intake of livestock and poultry meat is 40-75 grams, and fish and shrimp are 40-75 grams.

How to properly prevent and treat hyperuricemia

Effective measures to prevent and treat hyperuricemia : A reasonable diet, appropriate weight, good eating behavior and lifestyle. Since exogenous uric acid only accounts for 20% of uric acid in the body, strict dietary control can only reduce blood uric acid by 10-20 mg/L, which has limited effect on improving hyperuricemia. Advocate a long-term strict purine-restricted diet, mainly through lifestyle improvements and drug treatment.

Specific prevention:

. Limit total energy throughout the day, maintain an appropriate weight, avoid Overweight or obese;

. Abstain from smoking and drinking alcohol;

. >Drink more water;

. Appropriate intake of high-purine foods and avoid sugar-sweetened beverages;

. Regular, moderate exercise, avoiding strenuous exercise and injury;

. Eat more vegetables and Fruits

References:

[1] Bai Jiajia Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University is rich in Research progress of purine food and hyperuricemia in China Public Health 2019

[2] Chinese Nutrition Society Chinese Nutritionist Training Textbook People’s Publishing House 2005.9

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