“Doctor, why didn’t you cut my polyps three years ago, and now they are all cancerous!” In the hospital, a woman asked the doctor angrily with the examination report.

Ms. Wang is 51 years old. She was found to have polyps by colonoscopy in the hospital three years ago. At that time, the doctor suggested that she should be hospitalized for another colonoscopy to remove it, but Ms. Wang was afraid of trouble. Coupled with the impact of the epidemic, it has been delayed for three years.

Recently, because of blood in the stool, she went to the hospital again for examination, and found that the polyp in the same location was cancerous, and it could no longer be removed by colonoscopy, and it may have metastasized. Only surgery.

Facing such a result, Ms. Wang regretted her carelessness and complained that the doctor did not remove her cleanly at one time.

In medicine, many people make fun of bowel cancer as “fool’s cancer”. Because it is the best preventable cancer, as long as the polyps are removed, the risk of cancer will be greatly reduced, but there are still many people who are too careless about intestinal polyps like Ms. Wang.

1. How can polyps grow in a well-rounded intestine?

Intestinal polyps, as the name suggests, are small lumps of protuberance in the intestinal tract, generally referring to the protruding vegetations on the surface of the rectal mucosa and protruding into the intestinal lumen. Most of the polyps are benign polyps, but it is not ruled out that some polyps have the tendency to become malignant, about < span>95% of colorectal cancers are derived from intestinal polyps.

Intestinal polyps are relatively unfamiliar because they grow in places that are not easily noticed. The reasons for the growth of polyps are often related to the following life factors:

1. Long-term constipation

< p>The stool cannot be discharged smoothly for a long time, and the coarse residue and foreign body in the stool will stimulate the intestinal mucosal epithelium, and cause intestinal mucosal damage, resulting in abnormal cell proliferation.

2. Inflammatory stimulation

The rectal mucosa is stimulated by inflammation for a long time, and the mucosal inflammation is congested and edema. After the erosion and ulcer are healed, the scar gradually shrinks, and it is easy to form a polyp.

3. Improper diet

Nowadays people no longer eat three meals a day , Not only is it big fish and meat during the festival, it is not uncommon to have a high-fat, high-protein, low-fiber diet on weekdays, and this kind of diet tends to increase the incidence of intestinal polyps.

4. Genetics

The formation of intestinal polyps is closely related to gene mutation and genetic factors. Mutated genes can be passed on from parents to offspring. In genetic opportunity, men and women are equal.

Second, what symptoms will the body have when polyps grow in the intestine?

It sounds scary to have “meat bumps” in the intestines, but the onset of most polyps is relatively insidious, and there are no obvious clinical symptoms. Only a small number of patients may have abdominal pain, Systemic symptoms such as blood in the stool and changes in bowel habits.

1. Blood in the stool

Similar to hemorrhoids, intestinal polyps may also cause blood in the stool. However, unlike hemorrhoids, the blood in the stool of patients with hemorrhoids is generally bloody and will not blend with the stool, but the blood in the stool of intestinal polyps will have mucus or dark blood clots in the stool. , generally continuous, but may be intermittent.

2, diarrhea

Intestinal polyps can easily cause intestinal dysfunction, and patients are prone to diarrhea symptoms. If you have recurrent diarrhea, or even mucous stools appears, it is best to check intestinal function in time.

3. There are “grooves” in the stool

There are polyps in the intestines, The feces will be squeezed with the polyps during the transportation process, resulting in the discharged feces with “grooves”. The surface looks like grooves and grooves, and the shape will become thinner and more mucus is attached.

4. Stomach pain

Intestinal polyps may appear The phenomenon of blockage of the tract. At this time, when people defecate or squeeze the abdomen, they will feel more obvious abdominal pain.

3. Why did doctors not remove polyps immediately when they discovered polyps?

Although most intestinal polyps are Benign, but due to the high probability of malignant transformation, as the polyps increase and the number increases, the chance of canceration will also increase exponentially. Therefore, when intestinal polyps are found, doctors generally recommend that they should be removed. Most people can directly Excision is performed when found, and a small number of people need to operate again.

Director Xu Long, Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen University General Hospital In general, in the process of gastroenteroscopy, if a polyp is found, if the diameter of the polyp is less than 5 mm, and the number of polyps is less than 5, it can be removed under the endoscope. If the diameter of the polyp is greater than 5 mm, or the number of polyps simple biopsy forceps may result in residual diseased tissue, it is recommended to be admitted to the hospital for cold resection, high-frequency electrosurgery or APC (endoscopic argon ion beam coagulation).

The operation of colonoscopy to remove polyps may seem simple, but it should be consideredBleeding risk, if polyps with abundant blood supply, large number, cancer risklarge, or It is better to complete the preoperative examination and re-excision.

Fourth, how to prevent polyps from “comeback”?

< p>After the polyp is removed, is it “everything goes well”? Wait a minute, according to the analysis and research, the recurrence rate of intestinal polyps after 1-5 years after removal is 37%, 47%, respectively. %, 41%, 48%, 60%. Therefore, if you want to reduce the risk of recurrence, you must pay attention to protecting the fragile large intestine.

1. Eat more fruits and vegetables

Fruits and vegetables containrich celluloseIt is beneficial to excretion of feces, stimulates intestinal movement, reduces the residence time of feces, and reduces the toxicity of harmful substances to the gastrointestinal tract.

2. Exercise more and control weight

Active exercise can activate immune cells and skeletal muscles, span>Reduce oxidative stress, thereby reducing the risk of colon polyp recurrence. More exercise can also promote intestinal peristalsis and reduce the contact between intestinal mucosa and carcinogens. In addition, the occurrence of colorectal polyps is also related to blood lipids, age, etc. Therefore, patients must pay attention to weight control to avoid the adverse effects of residual fat on the digestive tract.

3. Regular review

a physical examination every year, If it has not recurred for two or three years, it can be changed to a 5-year review colonoscopy. In general, beginning at age 40, a colonoscopy should be done for both men and women, with or without symptoms, and with or without risk factors. For patients with intestinal polyps removed, if abdominal pain, blood in the stool, bloody stool, etc. occur within 1 month after surgery, they should also seek medical attention in time.

Although there is a certain possibility of malignant transformation of intestinal polyps, patients do not need to worry too much. Treatment can effectively stop the progression of the disease. Of course, after polyps are removed, bad living habits should also be changed, and regular review should be done to minimize the possibility of malignant transformation.

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