90% of people have various misunderstandings about self-funded vaccines:
“Just get free vaccines, no need to spend money to suffer.”
“There are too many types of vaccines, which are not good for health.”
“The child was vaccinated against pneumonia, why did he still get pneumonia? Is the vaccine useless?”
These words, maybe you have said, maybe you have heard, maybe people around you have mentioned them. Are these words true? Is it believable?
Today’s article, let’s talk about it.
Image source: Zhanku Hailuo
First of all, it should be clear that “Class II vaccines” are not “can or not” vaccines. Don’t be misled by the name into thinking “One is better, two is not as good”.
In fact, what we often refer to as “type II vaccines” and “self-funded vaccines” refer to non-immunization program vaccines.
Immunization program vaccines (Class I vaccines) are provided by the government free of charge to citizens, and citizens should be vaccinated in accordance with government regulations. This type of vaccination is free, and children who do not complete the full vaccination program may need to be revaccinated before or after school.
Through immunization program vaccination, my country has eliminated smallpox virus since 1961, no native wild poliovirus case (polio) since 1994, and no diphtheria since 2006 case.
Non-immunization program vaccines (Type II vaccines) are vaccines vaccinated according to the principle of “self-funded and voluntary”, including supplementary vaccines for diseases not covered by Type I vaccines, as well as supplementary vaccines for diseases that cannot be covered by Type I vaccines. Alternative vaccines with improved vaccination efficiency or fewer contraindications.
According to the prevalence of diseases and vaccine supply in various places, the government will also consider converting some non-immunization program vaccines into immunization program vaccines and provide them free of charge.
And for us personally, the more Type II vaccinations that are financially possible, the more comprehensive the protection[1].
Today, we have picked out 7 vaccines for you that cost money to vaccinate your children based on factors such as the severity of the disease, the incidence, and the timing of vaccination. The following is a detailed description.
If you don’t want to see the detailed introduction of individual vaccines, you can directly drop down to the end of the article. We have organized the key points such as the age and dose time of each vaccination into a table, which is convenient for you to save directly to your mobile phone.
1. 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV 13): it is necessary to be vaccinated, and it is recommended to be vaccinated as soon as possible
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the inclusion of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in the global childhood immunization program[2].
In my country, pneumococcal disease is the leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age [3].
Also, pneumococcal infection can lead not only to pneumonia, but also to severe invasive meningitis, septicemia and other diseases, as well as common diseases such as sinusitis and otitis media.
Therefore, it is very important to give your baby the pneumococcal vaccine.
Although fewer doses of the vaccine are required as you age, the earlier you get the vaccine, the sooner you can get protection, so it’s recommended to get it as soon as possible.
Image source: Zhanku Hailuo
2. Hib vaccine (Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine) & quintuple & quadruple: 1.5 months-5 years old
Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, referred to as Hib vaccine, mainly prevents a series of diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b infection, such as meningitis, pneumonia, pharyngitis, sepsis, etc.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that the Hib conjugate vaccine be included in all routine infant immunization schedules[4].
Of course, Hib vaccine can be replaced by penta vaccine and quadruple vaccine.
The penta vaccine can prevent 5 kinds of diseases, instead of polio vaccine, DTP vaccine, Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (at your own expense), a total of 4 doses.
Compared with the conventional separate vaccination, the penta vaccine can be given 8 doses less, which reduces the pain and adverse reactions caused by the baby’s vaccination, and also reduces the risk of adverse reactions. There is a risk of cross infection going to the hospital.
If the penta vaccine is out of stock, or you feel that the penta vaccine is too expensive, you can also use the “quadruple vaccine + polio vaccine” plan instead.
Although this regimen gives 4 more shots than the penta-vaccine, it can also 4 shots less than the conventional separate vaccination.
The quadruple vaccine can prevent 4 kinds of diseases, instead of DTP vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (at own expense).
3. Influenza vaccine: 6 months and older once a year
Influenza is a high incidence in autumn and winter. Babies have poor immunity and are easily infected with influenza, and even lead to serious complications such as viral pneumonia or mixed pneumonia. Vaccination can protect the body [ 5].
Currently, the influenza vaccines approved for marketing in my country include: trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3, suitable for 6-35 months of age) and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4, ≥ Applicable to 3 year olds).
If your child is over 6 months old, it is a good idea to get the flu shot every year. Even during flu season and even peak flu seasons, you should try to get vaccinated for protection.
There is no flu vaccine for children < 6 months of age. Therefore, all family close contacts (adults and children are the same) should be vaccinated against influenza, establish a family protection circle, indirectly protect children, and avoid bringing the virus home and infecting children.
Image source: Zhanku Hailuo
4. EV71 hand, foot and mouth vaccine (EV71 vaccine): 6 months to 5 years old
The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention encourages the completion of the vaccination program before the child is 1 year old, and the earlier the child is 1 year old and older, the better [6].
HFMD is characterized by a high morbidity rate, and although most symptoms are mild, there are also severe cases that can lead to death.
According to statistics, more than 70% of severe cases and more than 90% of HFMD deaths are related to EV71 (enterovirus 71) infection.
EV71 vaccination can effectively reduce the incidence of severe hand, foot and mouth disease and death.
Getting vaccinated doesn’t mean your baby won’t get hand, foot and mouth disease. However, the main cause of hand, foot and mouth disease in children in my country is enterovirus 71, so EV71 hand, foot and mouth disease vaccine still has a certain protective effect on babies.
5. Chickenpox vaccine: 1 dose from 12 months of age, and a booster dose is recommended after 4 years of age
Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease of the respiratory tract, which is mainly transmitted through droplets, so it is very easy to break out in groups, especially in places where babies are highly concentrated, such as nurseries and kindergartens, and more attention should be paid to [7].
The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that children receive 1 dose of chickenpox vaccine before entering nursery[8].
The chickenpox vaccine can protect your baby. Even if you get chickenpox after being vaccinated, the symptoms are mild.
Vaccination method: A total of 2 doses are inoculated, and it is generally recommended to inoculate 1 dose at 12 months of age and 1 dose at 4 years of age.
Some areas may have different procedures depending on the local epidemic situation and epidemic prevention needs, but as long as the chickenpox vaccine is administered according to local requirements, it is safe and effective.
Image source: Zhanku Hailuo
6. Oral rotavirus vaccine: start at 2 months of age
Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe dehydrating diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age worldwide, and rotavirus-infected diarrhoea is the second leading cause of emergency care and death (except respiratory infections) in infants and young children Two causes.
WHO strongly recommends the inclusion of rotavirus vaccines in national immunization programmes[9].
*Thanks to the National Immunization Program Advocacy Project Team of Peking University for their contributions to this article
Reviewer: Shao Yinan ｜Director of Beijing Biological Products Research Society
References
[1] National Immunization Program Vaccine Childhood Immunization Program and Instructions (2021 Edition)[J].,2021,2(02):81-86.
[2] World Health Organization (WHO). WHO position paper on pneumococcal vaccines (2012) [EB/OL]. https:https://www.who. int/immunization/position_papers/WHO_PP_pneumococcal_2012_EN.pdf,2012.
[3] Expert consensus on immune prevention of pneumococcal disease (2020 edition)[J]. China Vaccine and Immunization, 2021, 27(01): 1-47.
[4] World Health Organization (WHO). WHO position paper on Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination [EB/OL]. https:https://www.who. int/immunization/documents/summary_haemophilus_influenza_type_b_Chinese.pdf?ua=1,2013-7.
[5] Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Technical Guidelines for Influenza Vaccination in China (2020-2021) [EB/OL]. http:https://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt /crb/bl/lxxgm/jszl_2251/202009/W020200911453959167308.pdf,2020-9.
[6] Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Technical Guidelines for the Use of Inactivated Enterovirus Type 71 Vaccines [EB/OL]. http:https://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/ crb/bl/grxfxb/jszl_2265/201810/P020181010391205885510.pdf,2016-5.
[7] World Health Organization (WHO). WHO position statement on varicella and shingles vaccine [EB/OL]. https:https://www.who.int /wer/2014/wer8925.pdf?ua=1,2014-6.
[8] Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Chickenpox vaccine [EB/OL]. http:https://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/ymyjz/ymlbgd/201211/t20121130_72490.html ,2012-11.
[9] World Health Organization (WHO). Rotavirus Vaccine Position Paper [EB/OL]. https:https://www.who.int/immunization/Rotavirus_Chinese.pdf, 2007-8.
[10] World Health Organization. Position paper on human papillomavirus vaccines [EB/OL]. https:https://www.who.int/immunization/policy/position_papers/ PP_HPV_Chinese_Oct2014.pdf,2014-10.
*The content of this article is for the popularization of health knowledge and cannot be used as a specific diagnosis and treatment suggestion, nor can it replace the face-to-face consultation of a licensed physician, and is for reference only.
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