Written by: Six Atrium | Editor-in-Chief: Galaxy | Image: Huang Tsai
Hello, girls.
A few days ago we saw a reader message like this in the tree hole:
It has been two years and I have had a headache due to poor sleep. I thought it was caused by too much wind, but I never took it to heart.
The result was found to be high blood pressure caused by chronic nephritis. I am currently taking benazepril. Can I still get married and have children? What else do I need to do to prepare?
Don’t worry, today we’ll learn about the silent killer—high blood pressure.
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Did you know? An authoritative survey study found that from 2012 to 2015, the prevalence of hypertension among residents over 18 years old in my country was 23.2%, that is, about 1 in every 5 adults was diagnosed with hypertension .
In large and medium-sized cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin, the prevalence rate is as high as 30%.
What is even more surprising is that 25.1% of young and middle-aged hypertensive patients aged 18-44.
Although with the improvement of people’s living standards and the advancement of medical technology, the awareness rate of hypertension is increasing year by year, but unfortunately the control rate of blood pressure is not satisfactory< /strong>.
Severe complications of hypertension, including stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and kidney disease, lead to increased disability and mortality in many young patients,Increased the heavy burden on the family and society.
Manifestations of high blood pressure
In terms of symptoms, hypertension often lacks specific clinical manifestations, which can easily lead to delayed diagnosis. It is usually discovered when blood pressure is measured or when serious complications of the heart, cerebrovascular, and kidneys occur. So it is called “Silent Killer”.
The more common symptoms of high blood pressure include dizziness, headache, neck stiffness, fatigue, palpitations, etc. There may also be blurred vision, nosebleeds and other symptoms.
Then you must want to know what are the risk factors of high blood pressure, and how should we prevent it?
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Factors that cause high blood pressure
Risk factors for high blood pressure include genetics, age, and poor lifestyle.
Inheritance
As the name implies, it is the result of the inborn genes that our parents gave us, and we cannot change this.
High sodium and low potassium meal
Many young people like the cooking method of marinating and frying, or the simple and quick takeaway food culture, which leads us to unknowingly consume too much sodium, and The Chinese population is generally sensitive to sodium, which is the reason for advocating a low-sodium diet to control blood pressure.
Increase in obesity
Did you know that among the 35 to 64-year-old population in our country, there is one obese person in every five people, and the proportion of women is higher than that of men, and the urban area is higher than the rural area. south.
With increasing body mass index, the risk of developing hypertension increased by 1.2 times. Obesity not only causes hypertension, but also leads to various metabolic abnormalities such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hyperuricemia. These diseases, together with hypertension, cause various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular and metabolic diseases.
The increase in obesity has also led to an increase in the incidence of sleep apnea.
This also leads to an abnormal increase in blood pressure. After reasonable weight control and the use of ventilator-assisted sleep, blood pressure can return to normal. Therefore, it is recommended that young friends with sleep apnea can visit an otolaryngology or respiratory medicine department for sleep monitoring evaluation, and a specialist will give you individualized advice.
Alcohol
Excessive intake of alcohol is also harmful. Getting drunk can not only solve thousands of worries but also increase new ones.
Emotional problems
Contemporary young people have to deal with the balance of school, work and life, which leads to anxiety, worry, tension, and panic. The collision of these emotions, long-term mental stress can activate the sympathetic nerve It is believed that It is a very important factor in hypertension.
Routine treatments for high blood pressure
Inheritance we can’t change, but bad habits we can.
Changing your diet
Reasonable diet, control the high-salt and high-fat diet, eat less takeout, advocate a low-sodium diet, and recommend that the daily intake of salt per person is less than 6g.
Control your weight
If you are overweight, we need to eat less and exercise more. To lose weight through a healthy lifestyle, you will gain not only a beautiful appearance, but also a healthy beauty. Increase moderate-intensity aerobic exercise 4 to 7 times a week, each lasting half an hour to an hour.
Soothing
Exercise, talk, and psychological counseling are all important ways to control and adjust emotions. Life is difficult but needs to be optimistic.
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How is high blood pressure detected and diagnosed?
In the absence of antihypertensive drugs, the diagnosis can be made by measuring the office blood pressure three times on different days, with systolic blood pressure ≥140mmhg and diastolic blood pressure ≥90mmhg. If you are not sure if you are, then it is recommended that you use an arm medical electronic sphygmomanometer.
Measurement Notes:
1. During the first measurement, the blood pressure of the upper arms of both sides should be measured, and the higher side should be used as the upper arm to be measured.
2. Measurement of blood pressure requires at least five minutes of quiet rest.
3. When measuring blood pressure, it is necessary to repeat the measurement at intervals of 1 to 2 minutes, and take the average of the two readings.
(If the difference between the two readings before and after exceeds 5mmhg, a third measurement is required and the average of the three readings is taken as the final reading.)
In general, blood pressure measurement methods include office blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and home blood pressure monitoring.
Office blood pressure is measured by medical staff under standard conditions and according to unified norms. method.
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is an automatic blood pressure measurement device that takes multiple measurements throughout the day and can measure nighttime sleep blood pressure. Therefore, ambulatory blood pressure can identify white coat hypertension and detect masked hypertension and nocturnal hypertension.
The advantage of simultaneous ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is that it can observe abnormal blood pressure rhythms and blood pressure variability, and evaluate the control level of antihypertensive drugs.
Home blood pressure monitoring is done by patients themselves or with the assistance of other family members. Standardized measurement and recording can well assess long-term blood pressure levels.
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Measure blood pressure after waking up, before taking antihypertensive drugs, and at a relatively fixed time after urination.
Carefully record the date, time, regimen of taking antihypertensive drugs, and blood pressure measurement values, and then provide these data to the cardiologist, who can guide the choice of further antihypertensive regimens.
However, frequent self-monitoring of blood pressure is not recommended for anxious young patients.
After a diagnosis of hypertension is made, it is necessary to distinguish whether it is primary or secondary.
For example, glomerulonephritis may cause blood pressure to rise, and blood pressure may return to normal after recovery from kidney disease. For another example, some patients with elevated blood pressure may experience palpitation, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and excessive sweating. At this time, be alert to endocrine-related secondary hypertension.
In addition to the above-mentioned high blood pressure caused by heredity and lifestyle, there are also some women of childbearing age who take oral contraceptives may also cause high blood pressure. Back to normal.
Secondary hypertension can be cured by actively finding and controlling the cause. In this case, regular application of antihypertensive drugs is not required strong>.
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Can I get married and have kids with high blood pressure?
At this point, many young hypertensive patients may have the same concerns as the reader who asked the question. So what should people with high blood pressure do when it comes to getting married and having children?
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Patients with chronic hypertension need a comprehensive pre-pregnancy evaluation to understand the cause of elevated blood pressure at the beginning of pregnancy. If most of the monitored blood pressure is above 160mmhg, pregnancy is not recommended in this case.
Emotional relaxation should be done during pregnancy and during pregnancy, sodium intake should be controlled below 6g, blood pressure should be controlled below 150/100mmhg, and the impact on the fetus should be minimized.
In general, ACEIs and ARBs are prohibited during pregnancy and during pregnancy, so if the reader is planning to become pregnant, it is necessary to stop the drug Benazepril.
The internationally recommended safe and reliable drugs are labetalol, methyldopa and nifedipine. The specific dosage should be subject to professional advice.
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Hypertension is not terrible. As long as we fully understand it, strictly control it, and diagnose and treat it scientifically, marriage and childbirth will not be affected.
Okay, that’s all for today’s content, if you have anything else to know, please leave a message in the comment area, and don’t forget to click “Like” before leaving. strong>and Follow.
I love the world.
References
[1] National Cardiovascular Center National Basic PublicHealth service project grassroots hypertension management office, national grassroots hypertension management expert committee. National grassroots hypertension prevention and management guidelines 2020 edition [J]. China Circulation Journal, 2021,36(3):209220.DOI:10.3969/j.issn .1000-3614.2021.03.001.
[2] Wang Zengwu, Wang Wen. Interpretation of Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hypertension (2018 revision) [J]. Chinese Cardiovascular Research, 2019, 17(3): 193-197 .DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-5301.2019.03.001.
[3] Li Nanfang. Screening and Diagnosis of Secondary Hypertension [C]. Proceedings of the Tenth National Academic Conference on Cardiovascular Diseases of Chinese Medical Association Cardiovascular Branch. 2008 :61-63.
[4] Chinese Medical Association Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch Gestational Hypertension Diseases Group. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension (2020) [J]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2020, 55(4):227-238.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200114-00039.