Aunt Zhou is 65 years old this year, and her wife is 68 years old. However, her wife suffered from Alzheimer’s a few years ago and lost the ability to take care of herself. She looks like an old child. Originally he was a little fat, but Aunt Zhou always controlled his diet for the sake of his health.
As a result, after people became confused, they were completely disobedient, and often took advantage of Mrs. Zhou not paying attention to eat secretly, and they were all foods with high fat content such as cakes and potato chips . At first Mrs. Zhou refused to let him eat, but he was obedient. Later, he became more and more confused, not only stealing food, but also arguing with Mrs. Zhou. The core idea is that I want to eat, and if you don’t give me food, you are bullying me.
This pissed off Aunt Zhou, but there was nothing she could do about it. She could only fight wits and courage with her wife at home every day, but no matter how hard she fought, she still won as many times as an old child need more.
After such a long time, Aunt Zhou’s wife seems to be in a better condition than before. There are also many small abscesses. Aunt Zhou was very worried and took him to the hospital.
After the doctor’s examination, he found that these symptoms were all caused by high cholesterol, which is very harmful to his health and must be treated . Aunt Zhou was very scared, would high cholesterol have such a big impact?
Excessive cholesterol is a headache
Actually, if there is an appropriate amount of cholesterol in our body, it is beneficial. It can promote metabolism and help us synthesize the hormones we need in our body. But if the cholesterol level is too high, beyond the normal range, this beneficial substance will also cause harm to our body.
In addition to genetic factors, excessive cholesterol is usually related to a diet that is too greasy and eating too much fat. Some patients are related to some basic diseases, such as diabetes and so on.
Once high cholesterol occurs due to the above reasons, there will be no obvious symptoms in the short term, but in the long run, it may cause damage to some organs Damage, such as bones.
The United States once conducted an animal experiment and found that mice were allowed to eat7 After a month of high-fat food, the bones were severely damaged, with bone loss of nearly 15%, and it was very difficult to stand up.
The state of high cholesterol not only affects the walking function of mice, but also affects humans. Once we are in a state of high cholesterol for a long time, the absorption of calcium in the body will be severely hindered, and the calcium in the bones is still losing , will eventually only lead to decreased bone density, osteoporosis problems, affecting walking ability.
In addition, high cholesterol levels may also cause atherosclerosis.
When the cholesterol level is too high, the blood will become viscous, and it is easy to deposit on the vascular wall, resulting in The generation of vascular inflammation, under the repeated stimulation of inflammation, the blood vessels gradually harden, forming atherosclerosis.
A mild form of atherosclerosis may not cause significant symptoms and, if left untreated, is allowed to progress to severe atherosclerosis , leading to severe vascular stenosis, and corresponding ischemic symptoms will appear.
Therefore, it is very important to control blood lipid levels, but we found that there are many lipid-lowering drugs on the market, such as statins, ezetimibe, Xuezhikang, “Fat-lowering needles” and so on, can be said to be varied and dazzling, what is the difference between them? Which is better and more effective in lowering cholesterol?
Four cholesterol-lowering drugs, choose carefully
Currently, the most commonly used cholesterol-lowering drugs in clinical practice are statins, which are very effective in lowering total cholesterol. Cholesterol synthesis requires a With the help of enzymes, statins achieve the effect of hindering cholesterol synthesis by interfering with the synthesis of these enzymes.
In addition, statins also It can reduce triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein, and can also increase high-density lipoprotein at the same time, significantly reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases .
However, there are many statin drugs, such as pravastatin, lovastatin, etc. belong to the first generation of statin drugs, Fluvastatin belongs to the second-generation statins, and atorvastatin and rosuvastatin are the most widely used third-generation statins.
It should be noted that, relatively speaking, the third-generation statins are safer and less toxic, but different types of statins have different side effects >, when the side effects of the third-generation statins are not tolerated, they may be tolerant to the side effects of the first- and second-generation statins. Therefore, in practical applications, you should according to your individual situation and follow the doctor Recommendations for drug selection.
Ezetimibe is a special drug, which mainly works by inhibiting intestinal absorption of cholesterol strong> to achieve the effect of lowering cholesterol levels, currently there are relatively few drugs that inhibit absorption, and only “hybomibe” has a similar mechanism to ezetimibe.
But the effect of using ezetimibe alone is too weak, some studies have shown , its lipid-lowering rate is not more than 20%, and for patients using it alone, it cannot lower cholesterol levels well.
However, Ezetimibe can be used together with statins, statins hinder the synthesis of cholesterol, and ezetimibe prevents the absorption of cholesterol , the simultaneous use of the two can play a good synergistic effect, significantly lower cholesterol levels.
Many people may not think that traditional Chinese medicine can also lower cholesterol. Xuezhikang is an example.
The lipid-lowering effect of Xuezhikang is not strong, about 28%, belonging to medium strength, it contains “Red yeast extract“, this substance belongs to natural lovastatin, its lipid-lowering mechanism is the same as that of statins, but compared to synthetic lovastatin Statins and Xuezhikang are safer and fewer side effects, and are relatively friendly to some patients with impaired liver and kidney function.
However, due to the lipid-lowering effect of XuezhikangIt is not recommended to use Xuezhikang alone for lipid-lowering, but it can be used in combination with other lipid-lowering drugs, and the dosage can be appropriately reduced, so that Doing it can not only lower fat, but also reduce the occurrence of side effects.
As for “lipid-lowering injection”, it actually refers to “PCSK9 inhibitor“, which is a new type of lipid-lowering drug, lipid-lowering It works so well that some even call it the “nuclear weapon” of lipid-lowering drugs. Its curative effect on lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is up to 70%, and the effect on lowering triglyceride and lipoprotein is about 30%.
In addition, the lipid-lowering injection lasts a long time, even short-acting lipid-lowering injections can maintain The curative effect of two weeks, and the long-acting lipid-lowering injection can even be injected once every six months, and patients’ compliance will be better.
However, this does not mean that “lipid lowering injection” can completelyReplacing statins, because statins can improve atherosclerotic plaque and even reverse plaque in addition to lowering lipids However, “lipid-lowering injection” can only achieve the effect of lipid-lowering.
In addition, as a new type of drug, the price of “lipid-lowering injection” is really too high, and the price of a drug is only < strong>thousands. The prices of other lipid-lowering drugs are significantly lower than “lipid-lowering injections”. Some statins cost a few dollars even after entering the medical insurance Can be purchased at the hospital. For patients who need long-term lipid-lowering, these drugs are obviously better choices, and “lipid-lowering injections” are too much financial burden for patients.
It can be said that these four drugs have their own advantages and disadvantages< /strong>, which drug should you choose to lower cholesterol, or follow your doctor’s advice, and at the same time consider your own financial situation, and choose a lipid-lowering drug that is more suitable for you.
Moreover, the use of lipid-lowering drugs does not mean that we can eat and drink in our daily life, without scruples, if we want to really To lower cholesterol as much as possible, you should also adjust your lifestyle and get rid of various bad habits.
Lower cholesterol, start with small daily things
In fact, if you want to lower your cholesterol, the most important thing is to control your diet.
As our living conditions improve, everyone eats better and better. In the past, we could only eat meat once every six months. Now we can eat meat every meal. In the past, many people I have never even seen seafood, and now I can eat seafood every day. But this dietary change has brought us not all benefits.
Although rich food can improve nutrition and enhance physical fitness, many foods contain very high cholesterol, such as animal offal, egg yolk >etc. If you take too much, it will affect the cholesterol level in your body.
Therefore, it is suggested that everyone should reasonably control the amount of cholesterol in the diet, and the daily cholesterol intake of normal people should not exceed 300mg, for patients already suffering from hyperlipidemia, the control should be stricter, should not exceed 100mg cholesterol intake.
It is not enough to control the intake, we should also increase the consumption of cholesterol.
Eating alone does not work It is a bad habit. Many studies have proved that people who exercise have cholesterol levels that are more normal than people who do not exercise. Exercise can effectively help us lower cholesterol levels .
Therefore, it is recommended that people with high cholesterol do some aerobic exercise within the range that the body can bear, such as< strong>Swimming, cycling, etc. 150 minutes of exercise per week can help the body consume excess fat.
Of course , if you do not exercise for a long time, you may need to seek help from professionals, so as to maximize your own safety and prevent accidents , causing damage to the body.
Written at the end
In recent years, living conditions have become better and better, and there are more and more people with hyperlipidemia. Many young people even have blood lipid problems, and the health of the “flowers” of the motherland is worrying.
Excessive cholesterol levels can threaten our bones and blood vessels, leading to the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Severe atherosclerosis can lead to blood vessel blockage or rupture due to plaque Induce thrombosis and lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. There are really too many cholesterol-lowering drugs on the market. Statins, ezetimibe, Xuezhikang, “lipid-lowering injections” and so on can help us lower cholesterol. We need to choose drugs under the guidance of a doctor according to individual conditions.
Of course, medicine is not a panacea. Have a healthy body!
References:
【1】Wang Xi, Yang Junjie, Chen Yundai.Clinical research and application progress of PCSK9 inhibitors in blood lipid management[J]. PLA Medical Journal, 2022,47(03):292-298.
【2 】Bai Xiuhong. Right and wrong of cholesterol[J]. Jiangsu Health Care, 2021(04):48.
【3】Yang Ping, Shu Xiangbing, Liu Hua, Bai Huanhuan, Gou Xiaojun, Wu Yan, Wang Zhuoyuan. Systematic review of Xuezhikang Capsules combined with statins in the treatment of hyperlipidemia[J]. Chinese Hospital Medication Evaluation and Analysis, 2021,21(03):319-323+ 328.DOI: 10.14009/j.issn.1672-2124.2021.03.015.
【4】Wang Jun, Chai Yuqiong, Cao Lanping, Meng Xiaoyu. Ezemaibu and Xin Effect of lipid-lowering therapy of vastatin on the progression of coronary atherosclerotic plaque and blood lipid level[J]. PLA Journal of Medicine, 2020,32(12):32-35+40
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