alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase Two of the most important liver function tests. If these two items are abnormal, they are usually indicated by arrows. In fact, you can’t just look at the arrow when looking at transaminase. The normality of transaminase does not fully represent the quality of liver function, and the level of transaminase is not necessarily proportional to the state of liver function. Let’s follow Xiao Wanzi today to understand transaminase!

Learn about two transaminases

1, Gu C Transaminase (ALT)is a very specific and sensitive enzyme for liver damage. It mainly exists in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. If the liver is slightly damaged, this enzyme will be significantly increased in serum. The normal value of ALT is 0 to 40 units/liter. 2, aspartate aminotransferase (AST)widely present in cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes , skeletal muscle and kidney tissue, the diagnostic specificity for liver disease is slightly lower. AST is present in soluble cytoplasm and mitochondria, with normal values ranging from 0 to 40 units/liter. Photo source：0488 span>If liver cells are compared to eggs, propanase mainly exists in egg white (liver cytoplasm), and aspartase mainly exists in egg yolk (mitochondria in liver cells). )Inside. When the egg is broken, the egg white comes out first, and if it breaks further, the yolk comes out. 02

< span data-mpa-emphasize-underline="t">Interpret “Transaminases” values correctly span>

Transaminase is just a component in hepatocytes. The content is relatively high, and once the liver cells are hit and destroyed, the transaminase is released into the blood. The level of transaminase cannot fully represent the quality of liver function, and the level of transaminase does not necessarily have a parallel relationship with the state of liver function. The following situations are common: 1. Normal transaminase levels and persistent liver damage< span>1) In some hepatitis patients, such as some hepatitis B virus carriers, transaminase has never been elevated, but if such patients are subjected to liver biopsy, it can be found that the inflammatory reaction of the liver is very serious. Fibrosis, and even liver cirrhosis and liver cancer have occurred; many patients with acute and chronic hepatitis C have similar conditions. Photo source: Photo ID40 span>2) For some patients with liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, although they have advanced liver disease and their liver function is very poor, their transaminases are normal. Many people only know the primary disease because they have a large amount of ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, or other abnormalities found during physical examination. 2. High transaminase levels, but transient liver damage This situation generally does not have a great impact on liver function, such as taking a drug that is highly toxic to the liver. Generally, it returns to normal within a few days after stopping the drug; in addition, most patients with acute hepatitis A have high transaminase levels during the onset period, and return to normal soon after short-term rest and treatment. 3. Long-term abnormality of transaminase, but the level is not highThis is more common in chronic hepatitis patients, including chronic hepatitis B and C. The level of this transaminase is not very high, most of which are between 100 and 200 units of chronic hepatitis patients need the most attention, because the disease continues to develop, the prognosis is the worst, and eventually develop into liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. Appropriate treatment should be taken as soon as possible,Especially antiviral therapy for patients with viral hepatitis. Image source:Photo.netID40 span>4. Fatty livershows mildly elevated transaminases, generally not more than 100 units. People are generally overweight, or severely overweight. But it can be gradually reduced with weight loss. ALT and AST can be used to reflect the degree of liver cell damage under different conditions. It is not easy to judge whether the condition is improved or worsened based on the level of ALT and AST. It needs to be combined with clinical symptoms. , physical signs, pathological changes, other auxiliary examination results and the development stage of liver disease were comprehensively analyzed.

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Reviewed by Li Nenglian, a Chinese and Western pharmacist and deputy chief pharmacist

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