In recent years

thyroid nodulesbecome after the “three highs”

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The second most frequent visitor on the medical report

Relevant physical examination data show

in Chinese adults

thyroid nodulesThe incidence rate is about 20%~76%

equivalent to 1 in 5 people

Many people hear “nodule”

Many questions arise:

Can thyroid nodules become cancerous?

How to distinguish benign from malignant?

Do I need surgery?

…

Don’t panic

Today, Uncle Jiu will talk about

several important questions about thyroid nodules

01 Why Thyroid nodules

nodules

speaking bluntly, it is a pile of proliferative masses

The reasons for stimulating thyroid nodules

are roughly as follows:

• < span>Long-term emotional anxiety and stress;
• iodine deficiency or excessive intake;

< li>Exposure to radioactive material;

• familial inheritance;

ul>



02 What should I do after a nodule is found?

There are benign and malignant nodules

different nature

diagnosis and treatment plan Also different

pass routine4 thyroid tests

Basically you can judge the quality of the nodule

①palpation:

< p>Preliminary judgment on whether there are nodules



The doctor passed the neck examination< /span>

Preliminary assessment of nodules

②blood test< span>:

Assess for normal thyroid function

Cannot diagnose whether the nodule is benign or malignant p>



③Thyroid Ultrasound:

< span>Preliminary judgment on the nature, size and number of nodules

on the ultrasound diagnosis reportTI-RADS classification

Good review assessing the safety of thyroid nodules



if nodule levelGrade 4 and above

recommendedneedle biopsy< /strong>Come onStep by step to determine

whether it is a malignant nodule

in addition

Pay special attention if the following “words” appear on the report



④Puncture biopsy:

Determine the quality of the nodule

< p>Tissue specimens drawn by fine needle aspiration

cellspathological examination< /p>

Can effectively distinguish benign from malignant thyroid nodules

reduce unnecessary surgery

The entire puncture operation

only takes a few minutes to complete

no noticeable Trauma



in clinical data

< strong>Less than 5% of nodules

probability of developing thyroid cancer

The remaining 95% are benign

even if diagnosed with thyroid cancer< /span>

The death rate is also lower

only 0.076/100000

As long as timely treatment, most of the disease can be controlled

03 If there is a nodule, is surgery necessary?

If it is found in the early stage Small nodules

can be treated without surgery

but needevery 3 ~6 months

Regularly check thyroid hormone levels, B-ultrasound

if benign nodules continue to increase Large

more than 4cm in diameter

with pressure, hoarseness, and difficulty swallowing Situation

or malignant nodules are found

surgery should be considered



In addition

If the thyroid function is abnormal< /span>

also needs treatment

Take hyperthyroidism as an example

needs Taking antithyroid drugs

combined with radioactive iodine therapy or surgery

relief and control the disease

04 How to prevent and control?

①Regular check-ups are required

healthy adults

EspeciallyAdult women over 35 years old

It is recommended to have a thyroid function test every 5 years and B-ultrasound

Persons with a history of thyroid nodules

thyroid examination at least once a year



②Stay optimistic and positive

< span>The state of the immune system

is directly linked to the health of the thyroid

When a person is long-term

When you are in negative emotions such as anxiety and depression

it is easy to cause immune dysfunction

finally Involves the thyroid

so

Less anxiety and learn to relieve stress

Necessary



③Keep away from radiation

Ionizing radiation is associated with thyroid nodule formation

and cancerous Important incentives for birth

Therefore

try to stay away from your life as much as possible

reduce possible radiation exposure



④Control the iodine intake in the diet

Insufficient or excessive iodine intake

can cause nodules

thyroid nodules associated with HyperthyroidismPatients

should choose non-iodized salt

And reduce seafood



thyroid nodule with < /span>hypothyroidismpatients

iodized salt is optional

It is recommended to consume Shanghai products more than 2 times a week

such as fish and shrimp, shellfish, seaweed and kelp



Overall

A thyroid nodule on physical examination is nothing Major event

Regular review and cooperation with treatment

can better control the disease

< p># Yao Zero Zero Plan#

References:

[1] Liu Mao. Wang Peihua. Analysis of influencing factors of thyroid nodules. [J] Jiangsu Preventive Medicine , 2017, 28(6)

[2] Yang Tao. Don’t be careful with thyroid nodules, 95% are benign. [N]Modern Express, 2020-6-30

[3] Zhou Qinghua, Fan Yaguang, Wang Ying, et al. Guidelines for Classification, Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Nodules in China (2016 Edition) [J]. China Journal of Lung Cancer, 2016, 19(12): 793-798.

[4]Rong Xueyu. Ji Hongtao. Preliminary application of three-dimensional ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules.[N]. 2008(024), 008

[5]Kaliszewski et al. “American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.” (2017).

[6]Cooper, David S et al. “Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer.” Thyroid: official journal of the American Thyroid Association 19 11 (2009): 1167-214 .

[7 ]Stavros, Athanasiou et al. “Solid breast nod ules: use of sonography to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions.” Radiology 196 1 (1995): 123-34.