Qilu One Point reporter Han Hongli correspondent Liu Yijun Ma Yanpeng
Cool summer is coming soon, and it’s time to wear shorts, short sleeves, skirts and skirts Now, our jiojio has to wear sandals too, but has nail fungus…. Isn’t it embarrassing?
1. What is onychomycosis?
How does the ugly onychomycosis or toenail come from?
“In medicine, onychomycosis refers to lesions caused by dermatophytes, yeasts and non-dermatophyte molds invading the nail plate and/or nail bed, commonly known as onychomycosis.” Shandong Skin Bao Fangfang, director of the microbiology department of the hospital, said that the incidence of this disease is higher in men than in women, and there are more toenails than fingernails.
What kind of person is easy to get? Bao Fangfang said that it has something to do with our own resistance, such as diabetes, HIV infection, and patients receiving systemic glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive therapy who have low immunity and are prone to fungal infections. Others include nail trauma and tinea pedis. , wear airtight shoes, etc.
The nail plate of patients with onychomycosis may be cloudy, thickened, separated, discolored, atrophied, peeled off, raised, uneven surface, hooked nails and paronychia. According to Bao Fangfang, there are 6 main types of onychomycosis.
1. Superficial vitiligo onychomycosis
2. Distal lateral subungual onychomycosis
3. Proximal subungual onychomycosis
4. Onychomycosis on deck
5. Nail-destroying onychomycosis
6. Candida onychomycosis and paronychia
2. How to identify onychomycosis?
How to find out the “culprit” of onychomycosis? This requires medical testing technology.
“Laboratory examinations include fungal microscopy, fungal culture, histopathology, molecular biology and dermoscopy. At present, the simplest and fastest method is fungal fluorescence microscopy.” Bao Fangfang said , Just scrape some nail scraps and add fungal fluorescent dyes and examine them under the microscope, and you can make it appear.
(The picture shows the image under the fluorescent staining microscope of nail fungus)
Of course, it does not mean that nails are not good-looking. Fungus is at fault. Onychomycosis often needs to be distinguished from nail changes caused by psoriasis, lichen planus, alopecia areata, and many other diseases, and a specialist doctor is required to make a specific diagnosis.
3. What should I do if I have onychomycosis?
Bao Fangfang suggested that the drug should be systematically administered under the guidance of a doctor, but it should be used with caution in pregnant and lactating women, the elderly and infirm, and those with severely affected liver and kidney functions. The second is topical medication, which is suitable for patients with early and mild damage or who have contraindications to oral medication. “Nail mycosis takes at least 6 months, and toenail mycosis usually takes 9-12 months.”
What can I do to avoid getting caught by this bad guy?
The rate of recurrence (relapse or reinfection) of onychomycosis after treatment is 20% to 25%. Bao Fangfang said that after the treatment, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the recurrence of onychomycosis by avoiding sharing slippers, unclean pedicures, nail damage, and delaying the treatment of tinea pedis.