With the faster pace of life, more and more people are showing signs of unhealthy health. In recent years, thyroid nodules have become a high-incidence disease, and mental stress, infection, stimulation, overwork, trauma, etc. may all become its incentives. Thyroid nodules, a common clinical disease, are more common in women and the elderly. Epidemiological surveys show that in the general population, the detection rate of thyroid nodules by palpation is 3%-7%; using high-resolution ultrasound, the detection rate can reach 19%-67%; this proportion It is very high. Although the prevalence of thyroid nodules is high, only 1%-2% are malignant.
Benign thyroid nodules generally do not need to be dealt with. Keep a good work and rest, a reasonable diet, and do not have too much psychological pressure. Regular review is enough. For thyroid nodules suspected of being cancerous or growing rapidly recently, especially those with abnormal lymph nodes, further biopsy or surgical treatment is required. But there is no need to talk about cancer discoloration. The first thing we need to do is to understand the difference between benign nodules and malignant tumors.
A thyroid nodule is a tumor, cyst, or mass of normal tissue located within the thyroid gland. Larger nodules can affect the appearance, and some even compress the trachea and nerves. In response to this, experts recommend surgical resection, which is generally curable without sequelae and has a good prognosis.
According to the pathology of nodules, it can be divided into the following categories: nodular goiter, inflammatory nodule, toxic nodular goiter, thyroid cyst, thyroid tumor, etc. Early clinical recognition of the nature of thyroid nodules, especially the distinction between benign and malignant lesions, is of great significance for the selection of treatment options and prognosis.
The nodules on the thyroid may be thyroid cancer, thyroid tumors, nodular goiter and other etiologies, and are collectively referred to as thyroid nodules until their nature is clarified. Adenocarcinoma is a malignant disease, so most nodules found on the thyroid must be malignant.
There are many clinical thyroid diseases, such as thyroid degeneration, inflammation, autoimmunity, and neoplasms, which can manifest as nodules. Thyroid nodules can be single or multiple. Multiple nodules have a higher incidence than single nodules, but single nodules have a higher incidence of thyroid cancer. As for the performance of thyroid nodule canceration, first of all, a firm and fixed mass can be found on the thyroid body, the surface is uneven to the touch, and the activity of the entire thyroid gland will become smaller when swallowing. The diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules mainly relies on medical history, physical examination, ultrasonography, and needle cytology.
In terms of medical history, 50% of nodules that appear in childhood are malignant, and it occurs in a single nodule in young men. The possibility of malignancy should also be alerted. If a new nodule or an existing nodule occurs Rapidly increasing in the short term, malignant lesions should be suspected.
On physical examination, multiple nodules are usually benign, whereas thyroid cancers are mostly single solitary nodules that are uneven to the touch, firm in texture, and less mobile when swallowed, sometimes even Enlarged lymph nodes on the same side of the neck can be palpated.
The ultrasonography of thyroid cancer shows that the nodules have unclear boundary, irregular shape, dot-like hyperechoic, aspect ratio>1, etc. Needle cytology can further clarify the nature of nodules, and the correct rate of diagnosis by experienced pathologists can be as high as 80%.
Benign thyroid nodules generally do not become malignant. Suspected malignant thyroid nodules should be comprehensively and systematically evaluated as soon as possible, so as to achieve early diagnosis and early treatment. Such as confirmed malignant nodules should be surgically removed as soon as possible.